《城市规划原理教学课件》3 Development of Planning Principles.ppt

URBAN PLANNING PRINCIPLE DENG Zhaohua, School of Architecture, SCUT The Development of Urban Planning Theories Technologies 2 3.1 Background Post war Keynesianism(战后凯恩斯主义)： Resume production housing ； Build new cities, reconstruct old cities. Golden Age for Western city construction. Criticism (too quick, too radical)!! 3 WWII to 1960s 3.2 Trend Normative Theory, what is good city??. Rational physical planning. Political angle. Brasilia Brasilia 3 WWII to 1960s 3.3 Greater London Plan new towns Moderate dispersal. 1944, Abercromby, disperse industry pop. from central London. 4 rings within 48 km radius, radial roads, different density, green belt. Abercromby’s Greater London Plan 3 WWII to 1960s 3.3 Greater London Plan new towns From 1974, UK established 32new towns. 1946 New Town Act, 1st Generation New Towns, to resolve housing problem. Stevenage(斯蒂文乃奇新城), Harlow(哈罗新城). Density too low, not enough service. Harlow New Town 3 WWII to 1960s 3.3 Greater London Plan new towns 1960s, 2nd generation of New Town, improve public transport, denser. 1980s, 3rd generation of New Town, Milton Keynes (密尔顿·凯恩斯): well-serviced, large in size, future development land. Milton Keynes 3 WWII to 1960s 3.3 American suburbanization inner city renewal American suburbanization ： Population, jobs, production, commercial, services moving outskirt. But ineffective land use, destroy natural environment, empty city. Suburb of LA Run-down industrial estate 3 WWII to 1960s 3.3 American suburbanization inner city renewal Urban Renewal: government-led, rundown of inner city. Target of the US government: eliminate low quality housing, revitalize urban economy, reduce social segregation. Through buying and demolishing inner city land, and transferring it to private developers. But increase social segregation, lose the organic and continuous urban form. Creative destruction 3 WWII to 1960s 3.4 Criticism Rational Planning got heavily criticized from the sociological angle: lack of knowl