2014-2015学年高二英语复习课件：Module 5《Cloning Introduction Reading and Vocabulary》（外研版选修6）.pptVIP

(2)现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别： ①从逻辑意义上讲，现在分词与被修饰的词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，可替换成主动语态的定语从句；而过去分词则表示被动，可替换成被动语态的定语从句。 The girl sitting under that tree is my sister. 对比：The girl who is sitting under that tree is my sister. 坐在那棵树下的女孩是我妹妹。 Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 对比：Most of the artists who were invited to the party were from South Africa. 被邀请参加聚会的艺术家大部分来自南非。 ②从时间概念上讲，现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行；而过去分词表示动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。 boiling water滚开的水 boiled water 开水 falling leaves 正在落下的叶子 fallen leaves 落叶 a boy sitting on the left 坐在左边的男孩 注意：如果作定语的动作和谓语动作有先有后，不能使用现在分词作定语，应使用定语从句。 The teacher scolded the student breaking the window.(×) The teacher scolded the student who had broken the window.(√) 老师批评了砸坏窗户的学生。 即学即用 语法填空 The first textbooks ________(write) for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. 答案：written 2．The novel immediately became very popular and it is generally agreed that it is one of the best science fiction stories ever written. 这部小说立即受到欢迎，并被一致认为是写得最好的科幻小说之一。 It is agreed that...是一种固定句式， 意为“……被一致认为……”，其中it作形式主语，that引导的从句是主语从句，类似的结构如：It is said/reported/believed/hoped/required/ suggested/thought...that...据说/据报道/据相信/据希望/据要求/据建议/据认为…… ①It was agreed that we should hold another meeting. 大家一致同意，我们应该再开一次会。 ②It is said that the couple have left the country. 据说那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。 知识拓展 注意下列句式的变化： ①It is said that he has gone abroad.＝He is said to have gone abroad. 据说他已出国了。 ②It is said that he is studying abroad.＝He is said to be studying abroad. 据说他正在国外学习。 ③It has been suggested that bright children should take their exams early.＝Bright children are suggested to take their exams early. 有人建议天资好的孩子提前考试。 即学即用 语法填空 ________is required in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. 答案：It 3．While studying at university, he discovers the secret of how to give life to lifeless matter. 还在上大学时，他就发现了怎样赋予无生命的东西以生命的秘密。 While studying at university是由While he is studying at university省略而来。 While waiting for the bus，she l