最基础的词组ESSENTIAL IDIOMS IN ENGLISH.docVIP

FOREWORD Idiomatic expressions have long played an important role in the English language. In fact, the use of idioms is so widespread that an understanding of these expressions is essential to successful communication, whether in listening, speaking, reading, or writing. The student may learn grammar and, with time, acquire adequate vocabulary, but without a working knowledge of such idioms as above all, to get along, on the whole, to look up, etc., even the best students speech will remain awkward and ordinary. Of course, the idioms selected for study should have practical value and be within the students ability to comprehend. Such expressions as to set the world on fire or to wash ones dirty laundry in public may be very colorful, but they do little to help the student achieve fluency in English. Teachers of English have long recognized that idiomatic expressions add grace and exactness to the language. The alert teacher will make their study an integral part of the teaching process. However, learning such expressions is never an easy task for the student learning English as a second or foreign language. Attempts to translate literally from the students native tongue usually lead to roundabout expression of meaning and, more often, to confusion. For this reason, only basic idioms have been included in this book, appropriately named Essential Idioms in English, New Edition. Furthermore, it was decided not to burden the student with discussion of the origins of idioms. There is no need to define the exact nature of an idiom except to assume that it is a phrase that has a meaning different from the meanings of its individual parts. This helps to explain why it is often difficult to translate an idiom from one language to another without incurring some change in meaning or usage. For the purposes of this book, two-word verbs are included in the general category of idioms. A two-word verb is a verb whose meaning is altered by he addition of a particle (a