计算电磁学简介-林志立研讨.ppt

A Brief Introduction to Computational Electromagnetics Dr. Zhili Lin Basic Theory in Electromagnetics Mathematical methods for solving electromagnetic problems Why choosing Numerical Methods ? The ordinary differential equations that have close-formed analytical solution are very limited and only for a few specific cases. Although explicit solutions can offer a lot of benefits, they are not easily obtained if the problem is complicated in geometrical structure. When the applied medium is complex (inhomogeneous, dispersive), it is often hardly possible to solve the equation analytically. The possibility of Using Numerical Methods --- Thanks to the Computer Tech. In 60s of 20th century, the modern computer is invented. Since then, obeying the Moore’s law, computers become more and more powerful. The CPU runs faster and faster, the memory becomes larger and lager, the size of a computer becomes smaller and smaller, while the cost of a computer becomes cheaper and cheaper. Because of this, people tend to find some methods that are simple in formula but require large amounts computation that can be easily handled in a computer. As the methods are too many to be all covered, in the following , I will only briefly introduce two methods: Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Method Finite Element Method (FEM) Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method FDTD-1D Problem FDTD-Discretization FDTD-Computer Algorithm FDTD-Computer Algorithm FDTD-Parameters and Stability Applicators can be simulated in FDTD by specifying the material and the source of energy. Here is a simple dipole antenna. The portion that is to be metal can be specified by just holding the E field to zero. The next set of slides shows the E field in the plane of the gap as it radiates away from the antenna Simulating Dispersive Media Simulating Dispersive Media Recommended References: A. Taflove and S. C. Hagness, Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain