建筑工程专业英语00概论研讨.ppt

高等职业技术教育教材 English for Construction Engineering Introduction Civil Engineering and Its Career Figure Ⅰ Lift-slab construction in progress. The paired steel rods silhouetted against the sky to the right are part of the lifting jacks seen at the top of the columns. Introduction Civil Engineering and Its Career FigureⅡ Flying formwork for a one-way concrete joint system being moved from one floor to the next in preparation for pouring. Stiff metal trusses allow a large area of formwork to be handled by a crane as a single piece. Introduction Civil Engineering and Its Career Civil engineering is one of the most diverse branches of engineering. The civil engineer plans, designs, constructs, and maintains a large variety of structures and facilities for public, commercial, and industrial use. These structures include residential, office, and factory buildings; highways, railroads, airports, tunnels, bridges, harbors, channels, and pipelines. They also include many other facilities that are a part of the transportation systems in most countries, as well as sewage and waste disposal systems that add to our convenience and safeguard our health. Introduction Civil Engineering and Its Career Civil engineering offers a particular challenge because almost every structure or system that is designed and built by civil engineers is unique. One structure rarely duplicates another exactly. Even when structures seem to be identical, site requirements or other factors generally result in modification. Large structures like dams, bridges, or tunnels may differ substantially from previous structures. Introduction Civil Engineering and Its Career All kinds of civil engineering projects are almost always unique, that is, each has its own problems and design features; therefore, a careful study is made of each project even before design work begins. The study includes a survey o