【金版学案】2017年高考英语一轮复习 语法专题 第九讲 情态动词和虚拟语气 新人教版.docVIP

第九讲　情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词考点透析 (could)，be able to。 只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式可用于现在式、过去式、将来时、完成时。要表示“能够做某事”可用can或be able to但若要说过去的确运用了某种能力做成了某件事情就只能用was/were able to表将来具备的能力只能用will/shall be able to。(1)If you study hard，you will be able to express freely in English in three months. 如果你努力学习三个月后你就能自由地用英语表达了。(2)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 大火迅速在酒店蔓延但每个人最终还是逃出去了。是can的过去式但是在很多情况下特别是在口语中它表示语气的委could提问时不能用could回答而要用can或may。would用于疑问句时也表委婉语气回答时应该用will。(1)－Could I borrow your dictionary?能借用一下你的词典吗？－Yesurse you can. ——可以当然可以。(2)－Could I call you by the first name?我可以直呼你的名字吗？－Yes行可以的。(3)－Would you be so kind as to explain the word?请你好心地解释一下这个字好吗？－Yes好的哪个字？都可表示可能但may/might 不能用于问句用于否定句、疑问句、感叹句表示惊异、怀疑一般不用于肯定句。如果用于肯定句则表示偶尔发生某事的可能或某人某物一时的特点。(1)－Are you coming to Jeffs party?Im not sure.I might go to the concert instead. ——说不好我可能会去音乐会。(2)－Where can Mr.Li be?李先生会在哪里呢？－Sorrycan go to ask Mr.Zhang.He may help you. ——对不起我不知道。你可以去问问张先生他可能会帮到你。(3)Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? 布什先生做什么都准时开幕式时他怎么就迟到了呢？(4)We enjoy good weather in January，but sometimes it can be terribly cold. 我们这儿一月份天气都很好但是偶尔也会很冷的。表推测用于肯定句其否定式要用cant。对现在表示推测：；cant do对正must be doing；cant be doing对过去表示推测：；cant/couldnt have done(1)－There were already five people in the car车里已经有五人了但他们还是设法带上了我。－It couldnt have been a comfortable journey.2)Jack cant have arrived yet，otherwise he would have telephoned me. 杰克不可能已经到了否则他会给我电话的。(3)Put on more clothes，you must be feeling cold with only a shirt on. 多穿点衣服只穿一件衬衣你一定觉得冷吧。(4)I didnt hear the phone.I must have been asleep. 我没有听5．情态动词完成式的意义。过去可能做过过去本来可以做某事但没有做过去一定做过可能已经做过本来可以做但没做 have done过去可能做过过去本来可以做但没做过去不可能做过某事(not) have done 过去本该(不该)做但却没做ought (not) to have done 过去本该(不该)做但却没做(做了)过去本来没必要做但却做了(not) have done宁愿过去做了(没做)注意：must have done都表推测。其区别在于可能性的大小。must have done表很有可能表有可能表可能性很小则为“不可能”。(1)I told Sally how to get here，but perhaps I should have written it out for her. 我告诉过莎莉怎么来这儿不过也许我该写给她的。(2)Sorry