【金版学案】2017年高考英语一轮复习 语法专题 第二讲 名词与冠词 新人教版.docVIP

第二讲　名词与冠词一、名词的数(1)可数名词有单复数之分。如：book－books－boxes－leaves－cities。(2)合成名词构成复数时通常只将里面所含的主体名词变成复数如果没有主体名词则将最后一部分变成复数。如：女婿过路人讲故事的人中介人(3)下列名词单复Chinese中国人日本人绵羊小鹿马力鱼水果(4)下列名词的单复数有不同的拼写方法。细菌bacterium(单数)－bacteria(复数)资料、数据 datum(单数)－data(复数)现象 phenomenon(单数)－phenomena(复数)(5) 不可数名词包括专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词一般没有单复数之分。如：England等。greatest wealth in the world. 很多人认为健康是世界上最大的财富。(6)experience表“经验”时是不可数名词表“经历”时是可数名词。(7)常见的单复数意义不同的名词有：value(价值)—values(价值观)；manner(方式)—manners custom(风俗)—customs(海关)；damage(损害)—damages(赔偿金)；work(工作)—works(著作)等需特别注意。(8)team，group，committee，crew，family等集体名词强调整体时为单数强调个体时为复数。如：他那个组是个大组所有的组员都积极参加活动。这部影片吸引了大量观众多数观众都被感动得流下眼泪。(9)名词做定语时除man有单复数变化外其他名词一般用单数。如：三个女医生许多咖啡店名词的所有格(1)有生命的名词，其所有格一般在名词后加s, 如：他妈妈的朋友们rs. 苏珊是我妈妈的一个朋友。(2)无生命的名词借用of表示所属关系。如：一个房子的窗户(3)如果一样东西为两个人共有则只在后一个名词后加 “s”如果不是共有的则两个名词后都要加 “s”。如：那位穿漂亮裙子的女士是琼和玛利的妈妈。(共有暗示琼和玛利是姐妹关系)那两位女士分别是琼的妈妈和玛利的妈妈。(不共有分别指两位妈妈)(4)“a(two，some...)＋名词＋of＋名词s/名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格。我妈妈的一个朋友我的两张照片抽象名词具体化表示抽象的特征、状态、思维、行为的一次、一种、一类、一下等常构成“a/an＋(形容词)＋抽象名词”。如：一个惊喜一件乐事一个失败者一次失败一次巨大的成功一顿丰盛的早餐一种幸福 用所给单词的适当形式填空。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(一) ________(housework)were tested out in some 2.________(family)．Tony, ________(robot) looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth black hair and white 4.________(tooth) speaking in a deep voice.Larry was going to be away from home.Also，5.________(curious)drove him to have a try on such a new thing. So he hired a robot to accompany his wife Claire. Claire didnt like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed at last. At the first sight of Tony, Claire felt embarrassed. Gradually, Tony began to win the 6.________ (hostess) trust. He helped Claire realize her dreams by making her home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her 7.________(advise) on her personal8.________ (dress)．Therefore at the party all her guests who were invited were filled with ________(admire) when they saw her house was completely changed. After the test, the company was satisfied with 10.________ (Tony) report and