5.3D可视化与分解.ppt

要素数据不同于表面数据，表示不连续的物体。要素通常有一个形状（几何体）和属性 点线面是典型的要素。要素属性能够存储要素的高程或高度 如果要素没有高程信息，我们仍然能够在三维场景中展示这些要素，通过Draping或拔高 * Multipatch 3d点、线 3d面 * 要素都是真实世界的抽象，而表面模型即可以是真实的也可以是想象的These are all examples of real features, but surfaces could be derived or imaginary. A 3D表面能够推导或计算，通过特殊的算法，这些算法能够通过采样点线面，把它们转化成数字3D模型 * Triangulated irregular networks (TIN) have been used by the GIS community for many years and are a digital means to represent surface morphology. * 遥感高程数据，比如说雷达和声纳点数据，这些点有几百万、几千万甚至上亿个 Terrain datasets 能够有效地管理这些数据在GDB中，能够实时生成高质量、精确的表面数据 渲染大量的三角网通常是很难的，部分由于硬件比如显卡的限制。但是使用terrains，我们能够做到。如果我们在ArcGlobe或ArcMap中有一个小范围的区域，很少的点nodes会被使用，当我们在屏幕上渲染TIN数据时。但是放大一个大范围的TIN数据时， a full resolution (使用这个地区所有的点)能够实时生成TIN。明显的优点是使用大量的NODE仅仅去渲染所研究的域， The obvious advantage is that only a small portion of the study area is being rendered with large numbers of nodes, or a subsampled collection of nodes is used to generate a lower-resolution TIN on the fly. * * 创建数据 编辑数据 管理数据：3d文档 * You create a 3D document by starting either ArcGlobe or ArcScene then adding data into it. You can add surface data, image data, 2D or 3D feature classes, and layer (.lyr) files or copy and paste layers between ArcGIS applications. EMF、AI、PDf,jpeg,bmp,png,tiff,gif////在scene中输出vrml * * For maximum performance, cache your data, which will organize and copy the source data into tiled LODs. Vector features are generally rasterized and displayed according to their associated LOD, which assists in very fast navigation and display. * 小场景？suited to generating perspective scenes 交互？ Vector features are rendered as vectors raster data is either downsampled or configured into a fixed number of rows/columns you set. * 应该对ArcGlobe 建立缓存. 建立缓存的过程能够索引和组织数据成瓦片和不同级别的细节The process of caching indexes and organizes all your data into tiles and levels of detail. ArcScene把数据载入内存，如果可能的话会使用paging files 3D Analyst toolbar 完全支持ArcScene ArcScene 能很好的渲染表面数据和体积 ArcGlobe支持terrain dataset,但ArcScene不行 ArcScene和ArcGlobe都能使用所有的GP工具。 * 3D 分析工具条(co