8S_Automotive Aluminum - 2013分解.pptx

Aluminum in Automotive Applications Robert Sanders Chongqing University 2015 May-June Outline: Automotive History of Aluminum in automobiles Driving Forces for Weight Reduction Fuel economy CO2 emissions Product forms on the automobile Castings, Extrusions, Sheet Applications Body panels Structural Heat exchangers Engine and other cast parts Decorative Alloys used for aluminum car parts Where is aluminum most economical? 2 Chongqing University – May-June, 2015 Automobile Aluminum Developments 1886: Carl Benz produced the first combustion engine-driven car. 1899: a small sports car with an aluminium body was unveiled at the Berlin international car exhibition. 1948: Land Rover made intensive use of aluminium outer skin sheets. 1953: the Panhard Dyna was the first volume-produced car to have an aluminium body. 1965: large-scale production of aluminium engine blocks began. 1975: accelerated production of aluminium hoods in US cars, due to stricter fuel consumption legislation resulting from the oil crisis. 1994: Audi launched the all-aluminium passenger car in its Audi A8. 1999: Audi introduced the A2, geared for high-volume production. Chongqing University – May-June, 2015 3 Panhard Dyna Z1 1954-1959 140,000 units sold 140 km/hour 5 passengers 650 kg unloaded weight 4 Dr.-Ing. Dietrich Wieser 1904: Alcoa Builds Aluminum Auto Bodies for the Ford Model T in New Kensington, PA. Early Aluminum for Car Body Production When modern sheet stamping technology became available, steel quickly replaced aluminum in mass production of automobiles. It was cheaper stronger, and easily available. Chongqing University – May-June, 2015 5 Source: Ducker Research, KGP, EAA, AMM, JAA, GDA, McKinsey, Alcoa GT MST Steady growth year over year Aluminum usage continues to grow steadily and now the Al weight/vehicle is greater than for plastic. North Amcerican cars are bigger with larger engines and power trains. European cars are more highly engineered with aluminum sh