英美概况13英语1班(金明月,王泽艳,李闯,金明月)学案.pptVIP

* * Chapter2 Section03American Government and Politics Basic of the U.S. Political Theory Government Principles Federal System The Federal Government The Legislative Branch Legislative Procedure Political Theory and Government Principles John Jocke, English philosopher “divine right of people and sovereignty resides with people” FOUR Principles: Sovereignty resides with people Government with limited power Checks and balances—2 levels and 3 branches. Free exchange of opinions. Federal System The division of powers by a constitution between the centre government and state government is called federalism  The three branches The Executive, headed by the president; The Legislative, including both houses of Congress (the Senate and the House of Representative) and The Judicial, headed by the Supreme Court The Federal Government Separation of the Three Powers Congress (Legislative) President (Executive) Courts (Judicial) Government Structure of the Federal Government Congress President Courts Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch Senate House Bureaucracies Supreme Court lower national courts 13 departments 100 435 The powers given to the federal government: Laid down in the constitution. the right to manage foreign affairs, raise and maintain armed forces, issue currency, collect taxes, to regulate commerce between the states, to maintain a postal system. regulate foreign trade, declare war and conclude peace. The Legislative Branch Law-making branch The Congress The supreme legislative A similar function to the Parliament of the U.K. Two houses: the Senate the House of Representatives ·The functions of the U.S. Congress: 1) Defense and foreign affairs. Citizenship and naturalization.? 2) The regulation of commerce with foreign countries and among the states.? 3) The power to collect taxes to pay debts, to provide for the common defense and general welfare. 4) The Chief Function is to: Make laws. Introduction