现完用法.docVIP

现完用法.txt其实全世界最幸福的童话，不过是一起度过柴米油盐的岁月。一个人愿意等待，另一个人才愿意出现。感情有时候只是一个人的事，和任何人无关。爱，或者不爱，只能自行了断。基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词 done ①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 ②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他） （1）现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have spent all of my money. 含义是:现在我没有钱花了. Jane has laid the table. 含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了. Michael has been ill. 含义是:现在仍然很虚弱 He has returned from abroad. 含义是:现在已在此地 （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 注（超重要）：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词 come-be go out-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead ……………… 1.have代替buy My brother has had 不能用has bought this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept 不能用have borrowed the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用wear代替put on b 用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词 1、be＋married代marry 2、be＋ill代fall get ill 3、be＋dead代die 4、be＋asleep代fall get asleep 5、be＋awake代wake/wake up 6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、be＋missing gone,lost 代lose c 用“be＋副词”代终止性动词 1“be＋on”代start,begin 2“be＋up”代get up 3“be＋back to ”代return to,come back to,go back to 4“be here there ”代come arrive,reach,get here或go arrive,reach,get there等等 d 用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词 1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to 2.用be in the army 代替join the army 3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to 常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表： 1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw. →have been in sw./at…相应的介词 2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back 3. have come/gone out →have been out 4. have become → have been 5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open 6. have got up → have been up； 7. have died → have been dead； 8. have left sw. → have been away from sw. 9. have fallen asleep/go