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Exam 1 Practical - SolutionsList two of the factors that contributed to the software crisis in the early history of software development, and explain how software engineering life-cycle approaches attempt to address those factors.Many answers are possible. For example: high cost of maintenance addressed by better documentation, better design for understandability and extensibility, formal reviews, testing procedures, etc; high cost of development addressed by more emphasis on analysis and design before implementation begins; etc.What software life-cycle model would you use if there is significant technical risk and the customers requirements are not well-known in advance? Justify your answer in a short essay.Either spiral or rapid prototyping, or a combination of both. Spiral has good risk management characteristics, and can be implemented to include early prototypes or simulations to show to the customer. Rapid prototyping is good for clarifying requirements with the customer, and can be used to put early pressure on components with technical risk.The engineers at??adopted the incremental model for the development of their intelligent Web-based search agent. After implementing version 1.0 (which supported basic keyword searching of a list of sites using keyword query) they found that they could not implement version 2.0 (which supports searching using Boolean combinations of keywords) without completely re-designing the query module. Why do you think this problem might have arisen? Suggest two ways that the problem might have been avoided. Justify your answer in a short essay.The problem was probably caused by a lack of detail in the requirements analysis phase, a lack of detail in the design phase, or some combination of both. More attention to detail in these areas could have remedied the problem, assuming that all of the basic functional requirements were known in advance. If the requirements were underspecified and/or not completely known, then a better choice