The Calendar日历 ppt.pptxVIP

The Calendar We have now come through the ages to a date about 4200B.C.which is near the beginning of recorded history, and to one of the most ancient civilizations on this planet. It was in the region called Mesopotamia, in southwestern Asia between the Tigris(底格里斯河) and Euphrates Rivers(幼发拉底河).Nowadays this place is called Babylon by us. When the Babylonian priests and scholars reviewed the findings of the previous discoveries about time, they began making revisions to suit their own culture. Babylonian calendar Their lunar year contained 354 days and was the basis upon which this annual time-keeping device was developed. It contained 12 months of 29 days each plus six extra holidays. Egyptian Calendar It was based on the solar year and contained 365 days. Old Roman Calendar When Romulus, the founder of Rome, created his calendar, it contained 304 days. It was composed of 10 months with 30 days each plus 4 days at the end for an unknown reason. Julian Calendar Next appearing on the time measuring scene was the Roman Dictator Julius Caesar. By this time Numas calendar was more than 60 days behind. Caesar decided that it was time to abandon the lunar calendar of the Babylonians and to adopt the solar year of the Egyptians. He arbitrarily added two more months to the first year of his dictatorship. This made “14 months”. That particular year contained 445 days and was to become known as the “year of confusion.”However, after that year of “confusion,” the calendar was fairly accurate as an annual time-keeping system. Gregorian Calendar By this time it was realized that calendar was still “slow” by almost one quarter of a day per solar year. So Pope Gregory ⅩⅢ persuaded the government to add one day to February in every year which could be equally divided by the number four. These individual changes were to be called “Leap Year.”The only exceptions were to be those years which are equally divided by “400”.Therefore, the years 2000 and 2400 will not have the adde