冶金工程专业外语翻译.docVIP

专业外语翻译练习（三上） 第一章 Extractive metallurgy, the science and technology used in the productions of metals, employs some of the same unit operations (单元操作) as chemical engineering. Different metals require different combinations of operations, but typically the production of a metal involves two major steps. 提取冶金是应用于金属生产的科学和技术。该学科使用了一些与化学工程相同的单元操作。不同的金属需要不同的（单元）操作过程的结合，但一般情况下，每一种金属的生产都包括两个主要步骤。 The first is the production of an impure (不纯的，粗的) metal from ore minerals, commonly oxides or sulfides, and the second is the refining (精炼) of the reduced impure metal, for example, by selective oxidation of impurities or by electrolysis (电解). 首先是用金属矿物——通常为氧化矿或硫化矿——生产出粗金属；第二步是对还原得到的不纯金属的精炼，例如，通过杂质的选择性氧化或通过电解（进行精炼）。 Extractive metallurgy is continually challenged(挑战, 提出难题) by the demand (需求) for metals which have not been produced previously(以前) or are difficult to produce; by the depletion (耗尽，减少) of the deposits of the richer and more easily processed ores of the traditional(传统的) metals; and by the need for metals of greater purity and higher quality. 提取冶金学不断遭遇难题。这些难题是：如何满足对先前没有生产或难于生产的金属的需求；如何解决传统金属的富矿床和较易处理矿床枯竭的矛盾以及如何满足对更高纯度和质量的金属的需求。 第二章 The reasons for metals’ dominance in our life are not far to seek, for owing to their unique properties, they may be melted and cast into a multitude of shapes and sizes weighing from a few ounces to many tons. 金属在我们生活中占主导地位的原因并不难找到，其原因得归功于金属的独特的性质，可以将金属熔化并浇铸成重几盎司到许多吨不等的多种形状和大小（的铸件）。 Their ability to deform without rupture （破裂） allows them to forged （锻造） into intricate shapes, and their strength and hardness makes possible their utilization in building, transport, structural engineering, and other industries. （由于）金属（具有）形变而不破裂的性能，（因而）可以把金属锻造成各种复杂形状；而金属的强度和硬度又使得金属可以应用于建筑业、交通运输业、结构工程和其它工业部门。 The resistance to the corroding effects of atmosphere, sea-water and chemicals shown by many of the non-ferrous metals is another of their valuable advantages. Electrical conductivity is also a valuable property of many metals. 许多有色金属所表现出