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弹性elasticity 平均成本Average cost 平均总成本Average total cost 平均固定成本Average fixed cost 平均可变成本Average variable cost 平均产品Average product 平均收益Average revenue 收支平衡点Breakeven point 边际效用论Cardinal utility theory 市场出清Clearing market 科斯定理Coase theorem 生产函数Cobb-Douglas 补偿预算线Compensated budget line 互补商品Complementary goods 成本不变行业Constant cost industry 规模收益不变Constant returns to scale 消费者剩余Consumer surplus 消费者偏好Consumer’s preference 消费者均衡Consumper’s equilibrium 古诺模型Cournot model 需求的交叉弹性Cross-price elasticity of demand 成本递减行业Decreasing cost industry 规模收益递减Decreasing returns to scale 需求曲线Demand curve 收益递减 Diminishing returns 规模经济Economies of scale 需求弹性Elasticity of demand 内生生长Endogenous growth 内生变量 Endogenous variable 恩格尔曲线Engel curve 恩格尔定律Engel’s law 包络线Envelope curve 平衡输出 Equilibrium output 均衡价格Equilibrium price 均衡数量Equilibrium quantity 外生变量 Exogenous variable 外部不经济External diseconomies 外部经济External economies 外部效应 External effects of Externalities 一般均衡General equilibrium 一般均衡状态 General equilibrium position 吉芬商品Giffen goods 基尼系数 Gini coefficient 理想产出量 Ideal output 不完全竞争 Imperfect competition 收入Income 收人效应Income effect 需求的收入弹性 Income elasticity of demand 成本递增的产业Increasing- cost industry 规模收益递增Increasing returns to scale 无差异曲线Indifference curve 产业Industry 效率低下的垄断 Inefficiency of monopoly 无伸缩性非弹性Inelasticity 劣质商品Inferior goods 看不见的手理论Invisible hand theorem 等成本线Isocost line 等产量曲线 Isoquant curve 边际效用递减律Law of diminishing marginal utility 洛仑兹曲线 Lorenz curve 收藏品Luxury 边际成本 Marginal cost 边际产量Marginal product 边际收益Marginal revenue 边际效用 Marginal utility 市场失灵Market failures 市场结构Market structure 微观经济学 Microeconomics 货币供应量Money supply 垄断性竞争 Monopolistic competition 垄断Monopoly 寡头垄断Oligopoly 寡头垄断市场 Oligopoly -market 机会成本 Opportunity cost 最佳工厂规模 Optimum plant size 边际效用论 Ordinal utility theory 参数Parameter 帕累托标准 Pareto criterion 帕累托最优状态Pareto optimality 部分均衡Partial equilibrium 完全竞争市场 Perfect competition market 完全弹性Perfect elasticity 完全非弹性 Perfect inelasticity 点弹性Point elasticity 需求的价格弹性Pri