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chapter2 vector data model1

CHAPTER 2 VECTOR DATA MODEL 2.1 Data model 2.1.1 What is a data model? 2.1.2 The role of a data model in GIS 2.1.3 types of GIS data models 2.2 Vector data model 2.3 Object-Oriented Vector Data Model 2.1.1 What is a data model ? The heart of any GIS is data models The data model determines how the data are structured, stored, processed, and analyzed in a GIS. There is no single type of GIS data model that is best for all circumstances 2.1.1 What is a data model ? For example, the vector data model represents geography as collections of points, lines, and polygons; the raster data model represents geography as cell matrixes that store numeric values 2.1.2 The role of a data model in GIS 数据模型在GIS中的地位 2.1.3 Types of GIS data models CAD data model Raster Data Model Vector Data Model Object Data Model Spatial-Temporal Data Model 国内外学者提出的时空数据库模型已有数十种,其中讨论较多的有连续快照模型、基态修正模型、时空复合模型、基于图论的时空数据模型、面向对象的时空数据模型、基于事件的时空数据模型等等 2.2 Vector Data Model 2.2.1 Vector Data Model 2.2.2 Representation of Simple Features 2.2.3 Topology 2.2.4 Non-topological Vector Data 2.2.5 Data Models for Composite Features Uses points and their x, y coordinates to construct spatial features Uses x, y coordinates and the simple geometric objects of point, line, and area to represent spatial features uses a set of coordinates and relationships to represent real world objects Storage and management of vector data Associate geometry data and attribute data Describe relationships of spatial objects 2.2.2 Representation of Simple Features 简单要素的表示 Uses geometric objects of point, line, area to represent spatial features 用点、线、面等几何对象表示空间要素 Point, line, and area features Point Zero dimension No length, width or height, only location implied Defined by x, y coordinates Also called a node or vertex Examples: wells, buildings, survey markers 例如:井、建筑物、测量标记 Line One-dimension Properties of length and location Defined by x, y coordinates o

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