Problem 1.docVIP

Problem 1-2 Solution: Change the unit of pressure from atm to SI unit: P = 3000(101325) = 303.975 MPa According to the definition of pressure, P = mg/A, m=PA/g=303.975(10)6(0.003175)2(3.1416/4)/9.8 = 245.6 kg Problem 1-3Solution: The absolute pressure P is equal to the summary of barometer pressure P1 and the manometer pressure P2.P1 = 0.7419(13.6)(10)3(9.79) = 98.78 kPa P2 = 0.265(13.6)(10)3(9.79) = 35.28 kPa So, P= P1 +P2 = 134.06 kPa Problem 1-4Solution: As sign k to the proportionality factor for a spring scale, then k = mg/l = 0.24(9.8)/0.61 = 3.865 N/cm, on Mars g’ = k l’/m  = 3.865(0.2)/0.24 = 3.213 m/s2 Problem 1-5 Solution: Since it is calibrated on earth, by Eq.(1-1) F = 11.34(9.81)/9.8, on moon, F = m(1.667)/9.8, So, m = 11.34(9.81)/1.667 = 66.73 kg (Whether it is on earth or on moon, its mass is same.)The weight of that rock on the moon is:  F = 66.73(1.667) = 111.24 Nor F = 66.73(1.667)/9.8 = 11.35 kgf ?Problem 1-6Solution: ?a. The section area of the piston is A=3.14*(0.0508/2)^2=0.002(m2) So the force exerted on the gas is F=mg+PatmA=(3.629*9.754+101325*0.002)N = 238.0 N=53.52 lbf ?b.?The pressure of the gas is P=F/A=238.0/0.002 Pa=119000 Pa=0.119 MPa c. The work done by the gas is W=Fh=238.0*0.2032 J=48.36 J The potential energy change of the piston and weight is ΔEp=mgh=3.629*9.754*0.2032 J=7.19 J ?Problem 1-7Solution: The kinetic energy of the car is Ek=1/2mv2 =1/2(1.3608 ([(88.6 (103 ) / ( 3.6 (103 )] 2 kJ =412.12 kJ So if one want to stop the car at least 412.12 kJ of work should be done. Problem 1-8Solution:a. Taking the 1kg mass as a system and assuming the mechanical energy of the mass at the beginning is 0, according to the first law Ep+Ek=0i.e. -mgh+1/2mv2=0thus where v ,g , h is velocity, acceleration of gravity and the distance from the staring point, respectively. ?b. In this process, when the object felling down losts its potential energy and obtains kinetic