Hardware Applications for Educators.ppt.pptVIP

CHAPTER 4 Hardware Applicationsfor Educators Objectives Describe the system unit Define a bit and describe how a series of bits are used to represent data Identify the major components of the system unit and explain their functions Explain how the CPU use the four steps of a machine cycle to process data Describe the four types of input and input devices List the characteristics of a keyboard and identify the various types of keyboards Identify various types of pointing devices Objectives continued Differentiate between the four different types of output Identify the different types of output devices Explain the difference among various types of printers Differentiate between storage and memory Identify types of storage media and devices Explain how data is stored on floppy and hard disks Differentiate between CD-ROMS and DVD-ROMS System unit and data representation System unit is a box-like case that houses the electronic components a computer uses to process data Analog - continuous electrical wave Digital - representation of data using two discrete states: on and off Byte - when eight bits of data are grouped together ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange Components of a system unit Motherboard - circuit board in the computer that contains many of the electronic components in the system unit Central processing unit CPU - electronic device on the motherboard that interprets and carries out the instructions that operate the computer Control unit - component of the CPU that directs and coordinates most of the operations of the computer Fetching - obtaining program data or instructions Decoding - process of translating instructions into commands Executing - process of carrying out commands Storing - process of writing results to memory Machine cycle - four instructions together Components of a System Unit Continued Arithmetic/logic unit - CPU component that performs the execution part of the machine cycle Arithmetic o