第14讲safety in the system life cycle.pptVIP

12 Safety in the system Life Cycle ——系统生命周期安全 词汇 irrefutable adj.不能反驳的, 不能驳倒的 refute vt.驳倒, 反驳 construction management 施工管理 iteration n.反复；〈统计〉迭代 back and forth 来来往往地, 来回地 deployment n.展开,部署,调度 deploy v.展开, 配置 Pre-operation 空转, 试运行, 试运转 decommission vt.使退役 Translation －paragraph 1 Studies conducted at Stanford University estimate the cost of accidents for users of commercial and industrial construction at $1.6 billion annually. 斯坦福大学进行的一些研究估计商业和工业建筑物的用户每年在事故上的费用达16亿元。 Hidden costs were found to be two to 18 times higher. 并发现隐藏成本则高出2到18倍。 Translation －paragraph 1 Researchers also found that construction safety research over a 10-year period showed irrefutable evidence that accidents are controllable, to some extent, by all levels of construction management. 研究者还发现，一项历时10年的建筑物安全调查给出了不可反驳的证据，表明事故在某种程度上是可以通过各个级别的工程管理来控制的。 Translation －paragraph 1 Of course the statistics vary from industry to industry; what is important to note is that accidents do happen, but they can be prevented. 当然，统计数据在不同企业中有所不同，但我们应该注意到重要的是事故确实发生了，然而，它们是可以预防的。 Translation －paragraph 2 The primary method of preventing accidents is through a comprehensive and systematic approach to safety management. 预防事故主要的方法是通过一个全面系统的安全管理的方法。 The most cost-effective way to control risks is to implement a comprehensive system safety program throughout the product or system life cycle—from cradle to grave. 控制风险最具有成本效益的方法是在产品或系统的生命周期全过程，即从摇篮到坟墓的全过程贯彻一个全面的系统安全程序。 Translation －paragraph 2 This will lower failures or mistakes (by both people and machines); prevent gaps in analysis (avoid overlooking valuable data and warning signs); and provide demonstrable safety coverage (meeting federal laws and creating a legally defensible audit trail). 这种方法可以减少失败或失误（从人和机器两方面）、防止分析上的漏洞（避免忽略有价值的数据和警告标志）、提供可以加以证明的安全覆盖范围（满足联邦法律，并制定出一个合法的可辩护的审核途径）。 Translation －paragraph 2 If the engineer has a comprehensive safety program, he can protect himself from liability claims in the most cost-effectiv