Chap1011-Rigid.pptVIP

(1) f on the ball from the ramp does not transfer any energy to thermal energy because the body does not slide; Two conditions given by the rolling smoothly: (2) v=R? and a = R? are valid. The speed v at the bottom is: The torque acting on a particle relative to a fixed point O is a vector quantity defined as: 1. Torque about a point 10-6 Angular Momentum and Torque for a System of Particles; General Motion (P278) on a system of particles will be: where is the position vector of a particle relative to O, and the total torque ? (iii) That point must always be specified if the value of the torque is to be meaningful. Changing the point can change the torque in both magnitude and direction. (ii) This definition is for particles moving along any path relative to a fixed point. Note: (i) Where is the position vector of the ith particle and is the net force on the ith particle. The linear momentum of a particle: 2. Angular momentum of a particle The Angular momentum relative to a fixed point： v m p r r = × Direction：right-hand rule Magnitude: Supplementary explanation: (1) It is a vector quantity (SI unit: J.s); (2) It is not same relative to different point. (3) The angular momentum of particle relative to some point in the motion of straight line. 大小： O m d ? ? Direction: mvd = * Chapter 10 11 Rotational Motion About a Fixed Axis Torque, Rotational Inertia and Law Work and Rotational Kinetic Energy Rolling Angular Momentum and Conservation of Angular Momentum 10-1. Angular Quantities (P235) Angular displacement(角位移): Angular velocity : Angular acceleration : 1. Angular variables (radian measure) x y O or 2. Relation of linear and angular variables The distance along a circular arc: Differentiating above equation with respect to time (r again holds constant) The linear speed (with r held constant): The tangential component at : The radial component an: They are valid only if angles are expressed in radian. an is also called aR, radial acceleration,