学生版 Ch04 individual behavior(下).pptVIP

Foundations of Individual Behavior (part two) Employees are our windows Employees are windows Employees’ behaviors are very important We need employee training Introduction Managers how to train? Employee how to learn? Learning Theories of Learning: Classical Conditioning Classical Conditioning A type of conditioning in which an individual responds to some stimulus that would not ordinarily produce such a response. 经典条件反射理论 在一种条件下，个体对某些刺激物作出反应，但这些刺激物一般而言是不会使个体产生反应的。 Theories of Learning: Classical Conditioning Theories of Learning: Classical Conditioning building up an association between a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus Theories of Learning: Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning operating in the organizational setting: Employee had learned to associate the cleaning of the windows with a visit from the top brass. Theories of Learning: Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning is passive. It only can explain simple reflexive behaviors. Voluntary rather than Reflexive. Theories of Learning: Operant Conditioning Theories of Learning: Operant Conditioning Reinforcement strengthens a behavior and increases the likelihood that it will be repeated. Theories of Learning: Operant Conditioning Reinforcement builds a linkage: a high grade in the course (reinforcement) ＆ supplying correct answers on the test (behavior) a sizable income funds (reinforcement)＆ generating high sales (behavior) Theories of Learning: Operant Conditioning Reinforcement builds a linkage: Desired behaviors and the best interests of organization. Theories of Learning: Social-Learning Theory Social-Learning Theory People can learn through observation and direct experience. 社会学习理论 人们通过观察和直接体验而学习。 Theories of Learning: Social-Learning Theory Theories of Learning: Social-Learning Theory 1) Attentional processes. Employees tend to be influenced by models that are attractive, repeatedly available, or similar to them in estimation. Theories of Learning: Social-Learning Theor