09级单词表.docVIP

B6 蛋白质纯化 (p63) Principles of protein purification isolate分离 contaminating protein污染蛋白(即其它蛋白) cellular source细胞原料 liberated into solution被释放到溶液中 fractionation techniques分级分离技术 solubility溶解度 size大小 charge电荷 hydrophobicity疏水性 specific binding affinity专一的结合亲和力 chromatographic techniques层析(色谱)技术 ion exchange离子交换 gel filtration凝胶过滤 affinity chromatography亲和层析 hydrophobic interaction疏水相互作用 electrophoretic techniques电泳技术 isoelectric focusing等电点聚焦SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 Selection of a protein source starting material起始原料 more readily available更容易获得 recombinant DNA重组DNA express表达 bacteria细菌的 eukaryotic真核的 Homogenization and solubilization biological fluids生物体液 blood serum血清 cell culture medium细胞培养(基)液 lyse裂解 homogenization匀浆 differential centrifugation差速离心 rigid cell wall坚硬的细胞壁 cytosolic content胞浆内容物 osmotic lysis渗透裂解 hypotonic solution低渗溶液 sucrose蔗糖 concentrated cytosol高浓度的胞液 subcellular organelles亚细胞器 bound to membrane与膜结合的 detergent去污剂 lipid bilayer脂双层 Stabilization of protein inactivated失活 denatured变性 buffer缓冲(液) thermal denaturation热变性 protease蛋白(水解)酶 subcellular compartment亚细胞器 degrad降解 protease inhibitor蛋白酶抑制剂proteolysis蛋白水解 Assay of proteins detect检测 assay检测/测定 straighforward直接的 enzyme酶 catalyze催化 readily detectable product容易被检测的产物 observation of their biological effect观察它们的生物效应 receptor受体 ligand配体 immunological technique免疫学技术 antibody抗体 specifically recognize特异性(专一性)识别 Ammonium sulfate precipitation 硫酸铵沉淀 solubility溶解度 concentration浓度 precipitate沉淀 salting-out effect盐析效应 fractionate分级分离 clotting protein fibrinogen凝血蛋白纤维蛋白原 albumin清蛋白 crude粗的 concentration step浓缩步骤 dilute solution稀释了的溶液 redissolve重新溶解 Dialysis透析 semipermeable memebrane半透膜 cellulose acetate醋酸纤维素 dialysis bag透析袋 at equilibrium平衡时 change of the surrounding solution外部溶液更新 Gel filtration chromatography 凝胶过滤层析 size exclusion chromatography大小排阻层析 molecular sieve chromatography分子筛层析 porous beads多孔珠子(颗粒) insoluble but highly dydrated polymer不溶性但是水化程度高的高聚物 polyacry