林区防火价值资源效益初探(精选).docVIP

林区防火价值资源效益初探 1 value of forest fire prevention function 森林防火资源功能,是指森林防火所具有的保护和改变生态环境的能力,它表现为森林防火资源所能提供的环境功能的物理量,例如降低的蔓延速度、保持含水量、减少流动火源能力、整体机动性等。森林防火的功能是区域环境的客观属性,是一种使用价值,它不依人类社会是否对其实际利用而客观存在。例如某一森林防火环境的河流量表示该林地所具有的提供阻隔的能力,这种能力是一种客观存在,不取决于人类社会是否对其进行活动。同样,该森林防火环境所具有的环境功能,也只表示他所具有的各种保护环境的能力,而与人类社会是否对其进行生态利用无关。虽然,同一森林防火资源可以具有各种不同的功能,也就是具有各种不同的使用价值。但其使用价值的载体都是森林防火资源本身。由于功能是资源的客观属性,而资源是在林业生产过程中创造的,因此,对森林防火资源功能的价值计量应该在防火价值论的基础之上,计算防护一定面积、一定质量的森林防火资源所消耗的社会必要劳动时间,也就是社会平均营林成本。一定面积的森林防火资源即使提供了多种不同的使用价值,由于其价值载体是同一的,因而其价值量也只能计算一次,否则就是重复计算。从以上分析可以看出,森林防火资源的功能价值和上述按防火价值论核算的森林防火资源价值是相同的概念。 Forest fire prevention function of resources, it is to point to forest fire prevention of the protection and the ability to change ecological environment, its performance for forest fire prevention resources environment provided by the function of physical quantities, such as reducing the spread of the flow velocity, water content, low fire ability, overall mobility, etc. Forest fire prevention function is the objective attributes of regional environment, is a kind of use value, whether it is not the human society and the objective existence to its actual use. Such as a forest fire environment of river flow indicates that the forest land has the ability to provide blocking, this ability is a kind of objective existence, does not depend on whether human society on the activity. Similarly, the forest fire prevention of environment function, also said he was only capable of protecting the environment, and has nothing to do with whether human society to ecological use. Though, the same forest fire prevention resources can have a variety of different functions, namely has different use value. But its use value of the vehicle is covered with forest fire prevention resource itself. Because the function is the objective attributes of resources and resource is in the process of forestry production, therefore, the value of the function of forest fire prevention resources measurement should be in the