地方人大信访功能的研究——以福建省为例.pdfVIP

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Under new circumstance，especially after the issue of the Law ofSupervision，the letters—and·visits matter of People’S Congress faces new orientation which is an important information source for supervision of People’S Congress and channels for participation in politics orderly and safeguard the legitimate fights of the citizens． However,the letters—and．visits matter of local People’S Congress at alllevels iS now equivalent to party and government administration in a certain sense．The deviation of functional orientation is existed．Statutory functions of legal authority service such as political participation，public opinion reflection，supervision and legislation for People’S Congress is not come into full play．Considering of this and according to the authors own practice，the author explores the current situation of letters—and—visits matter of Fujian provincial and local People’S Congress，analyses the main problems and reasons for the function of the letters-and—visits matter of local People’S Congress， uses domestic and overseas research results for reference，and makes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the present，medium·．term and long．．term this 3 phases．In order to have certain reference value for the functional improvement and institutional reform ofthe letters．and．visits matter ofNational People’S Congress． Key word：Letters and visits for National People’S Congress；Functiongs；Institutional refolin． 前 言 ．i上-—J‘ 刖 吾 随着我国经济体制和政治体制改革的不断深入，社会结构和主体日益多元 化，各类社会问题和矛盾冲突不断涌现并通过信访渠道反映出来，现实的一个表 现就是近年来不断攀升的“信访洪峰”问题。从当前整个国家信访体系看，上至 中央国务院、全国人大，下至街道、企业等基层单位，无一例外都设置了信访部 门，可是各部门面对信访问题仍然力不从心。在信访制度备受争议的时候，人大 被寄予厚望推到了前台，国内许多学者甚至提出未来最理想的解决途径是由人大 挑起解决信访问题的重担。那么，究竟人大在信访中能发挥什么样的功能，而现 实中又只发挥了什么样的作用呢?从工作层面讲，当前我国的人大信访主要包含 全国人大信访和地方各级人大信访，实践中虽然二者在权限大小和处理模式上有 所区别，但其基本功能大同小异，主要在国家社会生活中发挥着政治参与、权利 救济和维护社会稳定的作用。此外，人大权力机关的性质决定了人大信访与其它 体制信访具有不同的特质，人大信访既要发挥出作为信访机关原有的功能，同时 还要兼具作为国家权力机关下属机构所独有的优势。从法律角度和人大制度自身 特点来讲，人大信访是人大工作的一项重要内容，是人大保障公民基本权利的重 要职责，也是人大行使对“一府两院”监督权的一种重