记忆机制.pptVIP

Number interpreting Mechanism of memory 良好的记忆力是译员必须具备的技能，是译员得以施展其口译能力的前提条件。 记忆包括输入、储存和重现三个过程，一般可分为瞬时记忆、短时记忆和长时记忆。 “瞬时记忆”是口译的前提，“短时记忆”是口译的关键，“长时记忆”是口译的基础。 瞬时记忆 只能使语言信息保持0.25秒至2秒，之后记忆的信息便会消失，它是大脑最短的记忆。 做口译，尤其是同声传译，要求译者反映迅速，其实就是强调译者要有瞬时获取信息的能力，这也是口译人员需要具备的基本素质之一。 how to enhance? 做一个月左右的跟读训练，即在讲话者开始讲话后，等待五六个词的时间，然后复述讲话者刚刚讲过的内容。在整个跟读练习过程中，练习者始终要与讲话者保持五六个词的间隔，不许缩短，但可以适当延长。 短期记忆 短期记忆(short-term memory)对于一个口译员来说是至关重要的。良好的短期记忆能力无论是对交替传译或是同声传译帮助都很大。 有些人天生博闻强记，但是后天的训练也可以改善短期记忆。改善短期记忆的关键就是要做一个active listener。 什么是“active listener”? 就是要积极地听。 何为积极地听？ 就是听的时候全神贯注，积极分析和记忆听到的信息。 训练短期记忆也可以采取循序渐进的方法。 先不要急着记一大段的文章。先从句子或和段落开始。 Kipling wrote: I have six honest serving men.They taught me all I knew.There names were what and where and when,And why, and how, and who. 训练短期记忆是要抓住的就是这六个honest serving men。 Have a try Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. (2)When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. (3)However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. 第一个句子：美洲狮产于美洲 第二个句子：有人报告在动物园附近看见美洲狮，但是没人当一回事。（对于这个句子如果你记不住动物园的名字，记不住在动物园的几里之外发现美洲狮，你至少应该记得“有人看见过美洲狮”这个信息。） 第三个句子：证据不断增加，专家们觉得必须调查。狮子目击人的描述惊人地相似。（这个句子其实包含着两个信息，一个是“专家们要调查”，第二个是“目击人的描述相似”。） Try again I was walking in the park with a friend recently, and his cell phone rang, interrupting our conversation. There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day and – poof! – I became invisible, absent from the conversation. The park was filled with people talking on their cell phones. They were passing other people without looking at them, saying hello, noticing their babies?or?stopping to pet their puppies. Evidently, the untethered electronic voice is preferable to human contact. Why not visualize the picture ???信息视觉化 听到这一段生动形象的描述之后，译员便可在头脑中勾画这样一副图景：自己正与一位朋友在公园中散步、闲谈。突然，谈话被朋友的手机