dsp t第二十次课(第十章).pptVIP

Chapter 10 FIR Digital Filter Design 10.1 Window Method 10.1.1 Ideal Filters 10.1.2 Rectangular Window 10.1.3 Hamming Window 10.3 Frequency Sampling Method * * FIR 滤波器与IIR 滤波器的比较： FIR : advantages: (1) linear phase properties (2) the guaranteed stability because of the absence of poles disadvantage: (1) the requirement of sharp filter specifications can lead to long filter lengths N, consequently increasing their computational cost . IIR : advantages: (1) low computational cost (2) efficient implementation in cascade of second-order sections disadvantage: (1) the potential for instabilities introduced when the quantization of the coefficients pushes the poles outside the unit circle . Fig .10.1.1 , Fig .10.1.2: 以上都是理想滤波器的频响 d(k) : 理想滤波器所对应的单位脉冲响应 (10.1.1) ：由 利用DTFT求理想d(k) 的公式 (10.1.2) ：理想低通 (10.1.4) ：理想高通、带通、带阻 (10.1.6) ： 差分(differentiator)、Hilbert变换器 注意： Fig .10.1.1 , Fig .10.1.2的 和 (10.1.2) , (10.1.4) , (10.1.6) 的d(k) 的规律: (1) Fig .10.1.1 : 为实数,w的偶函数;d(k) 为实数,k的偶函数 (2) Fig .10.1.2: 为虚数,w的奇函数 ;d(k) 为实数,k的奇函数。 理想滤波器对应的单位冲激响应d(k) 都是双边无限长的，是非因果的，是不可实现的 窗函数法 (window method)设计FIR滤波器的思路： 从图中可以得到以下三个结论：(p.549) 1.For that lie well within the passband or stopband ,the ripple size decreases as N increases, resulting in flatter passband and stopband . 2.The transition width decreases with increasing N.Note also that for any N, the windowed response is always equal to 0.5 at the cutoff frequency . 3.The largest ripples tend to cluster near the passband-to-stopband discontinuity (from both sides) and do not get smaller with N . Instead , the size remains approximately constant , about 8.9 percent , independent of N, Eventually , as , these ripples get squeezed onto the discontinuity at , occupying a set of measure zero . This behavior is the Gibbs phenomenon . * FIR滤波器具有线性相位 的条件 : 通过以上分析大家就会明白为什么设计FI