经济学的十个原理1.pptVIP

经济学的十个原理 1. 人们面临得失交换 People face tradeoffs “天下没有免费的午餐！” “There is no such thing as a free lunch!” People face tradeoffs 为了得到一样东西，我们通常不得不 放弃另一样东西。 To get one thing, we usually have to give up another thing. ?? 食品和衣服Food v. clothing ?? 闲遐和工作（收入）Leisure time v. Work (earnings) ?? 大炮和黄油Guns v. butter ?? 效率和平等Efficiency v. equity ?? 效率：社会从稀缺资源中获得最多(饼的大小) Efficiency means society gets the most that it can from its scarce resources. ?? 平等：收益在社会成员中公平分配(饼的分割) Equity means the benefits of those resources are distributed fairly among the members of society 2. 某物的成本是为此而放弃的东西 The cost of something is what