(水平渐近线)Horizontal asymptote.pptVIP

Horizontal asymptote The High School Attached to Northwest Normal University 王志强Wang Zhiqiang 6th November 2012 When x approaches positive or negative infinity, the limits of rational functions as following: ?、Review Example 1: Example 2: Ⅱ、Introduce to the new class 1. Observe the following four functions, then drawing the graphs of them : : f(x)=1/x.gsp : f(x)=(1/x)+1.gsp : f(x)=x/x-1.gsp : f(x)=1/(x-1).gsp Example 4：Find the horizontal asymptote of the below function: The horizontal asymptote tells us, roughly, where the graph will go when x is really, really big. So Well look at some very big values for x, some values of x very far from the origin. From the above graphs, we know the lines y=0 and y=1 are the horizontal asymptotes of rational functions. y=(x+2)/(x^2+1).gsp As we can see in the table of values and the graph, the horizontal asymptote is the x-axis. horizontal asymptote: y = 0 (the x-axis) Remark: In the above exercise, the degree on the denominator (namely, 2) was bigger than the degree on the numerator (namely, 1), and the horizontal asymptote was y = 0 (the x-axis). This property is always true. 2. What is the definition of the asymptote? When a curve on a vertex M along the curve infinite away from origin, if M to a straight line distance approaches 0, then this line is called asymptote of the curve. 当曲线上一点M沿曲线无限远离原点时，如果M到一条直线的距离无限趋近于0，那么这条直线称为这条曲线的渐近线。 Example 5：Find the horizontal asymptote of the following function: This function has degree-2 polynomials top and bottom; in particular, the degrees are the same in the numerator and the denominator. Question 1: What happens if the degrees are the same in the numerator and denominator? f(x)=(2x^2-11)/(x^+9).gsp For big values of x, the graph is very close to y = 2. So, we have The line y=a is a horizontal asymptote of the graph of y=f(x) if Question 2: What happens if the degrees are larger numerator than denominator? Example 6：Observe the