文房四宝英文简介.ppt

the four treasures in the study calligraphy书法 writing brush long history The history can be traced back at least 6,000 years. Invented by Meng Tian Two producing centers: Xuanzhou and Huzhou Products:”Xuan-bi” “Zhuge-bi“ “Hu-bi“ Brushes Classification Hard Soft Both two parts of a writing brush The head ：made of goat,wolf,rat or rabbit hair,very soft. The shaft（笔杆） ：made of bamboo,wood,lacquer and porcelain,as well as mother-of-pearl inlays(镶嵌)，ivory and jade. four famous writing brushes The Hu Writing Brush（湖笔） The Xuan Writing Brush（宣笔） The Daiyuexuan Writing Brush （戴月轩毛笔） The Houdian Writing Brush （侯店毛笔） The Hu Writing Brush The Xuan Writing Brush The Daiyuexuan Writing Brush The Houdian Writing Brush Ink sticks History of ink At the initial stage natural ink or half-natural ink was generally used during the Han ,artificial ink appeared. Yumi-mo produced Before the Five Dynasties， the ink-producing center was in the North, then it reached the South. The most celebrated South ink-stick ： Hui-mo The aging process Materials: vegetable oils The quality is determined by the aging process grade of ink sticks 101-The best professional quality commercially available 102-Very good, professional quality 103-Good, professional quality 104-Amateur（业余爱好者 ） 105 – higher student Paper History ﹠Categries invented by Cai Lun In Western Han , Fang-ma-tan paper, Xuan-quan paper, Ma-quan-wan paper, and Han-tan-po paper. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, paper was extensively used In the Tang and Song Dynasties, the paper producing industry was very thriving In the Qing “Xuan-zhi” produced in Xuanzhou, was regarded as the king of the paper Ink slab Chinese Culture Grinder （研磨） primitive society：pestle （碾槌 ）to grind pigments（颜料 ） Han：artificial ink-sticks appeared and were widely used Sui and Tang:”Piyong” inkstone having circular legs Ming and Qing:lots of famous inkstone produced Four famous inkslab Guangdong Duan inkslab(