最终Genetic Engineering.pptVIP

基因工程 第X小组组员：王杭宁 李誉辉 基因工程（genetic engineering）的定义： The definition of genetic engineering (based engineering) : 所谓基因工程（genetic engineering）是在分子水平上对基因进行操作的复杂技术。 Genetic engineering (so-called based engineering) is operated at the molecular level to gene complex technology.  它是用人为的方法将所需要的某一供体生物的遗传物质——DNA大分子提取出来，在离体条件下用适当的工具酶进行切割后，把它与作为载体的DNA分子连接起来， Of choose and employ persons as methods will need a donor organisms genetic material - large molecules of DNA extracted, under the condition of in vitro with the proper method of cutting tool enzyme, connect it and as a carrier of the DNA molecule, 3 然后与载体一起导入某一更易生长、繁殖的受体细胞中，以让外源物质在其中“安家落户”，进行正常的复制和表达，从而获得新物种的一种崭新技术。 With carrier then import a more growth and reproduction of receptor cells, in order to let foreign substances in the nest, for the normal replication and expression, to gain new species of a new technology. 历史大事记 Historical memorabilia 1953年，美国生化学家沃森和英国物理学家克里克宣布他们发现了DNA的双螺旋结构，奠下了基因工程的基础 In 1953, the American biochemist Watson and British physicist crick announced they found the DNA double helix structure, lay the foundation of genetic engineering In 1980, For the first time, scientists created the worlds first genetically modified animal transgenic mice 1980年 科学家首次培育出世界第一个转基因动物转基因小鼠 1990年10月 被誉为生命科学“阿波罗登月计划”的国际人类基因组计划启动 In October 1990, Is known as life science Apollo program of the international human genome project started 测出人类基因组DNA的30亿个碱基对的序列，发现所有人类基因，找出它们在染色体上的位置，破译人类全部遗传信息。 Sequenced the human genome DNA sequences of 3 billion base pairs, and found that all human genes, to find their location on chromosome, all to decipher the human genetic information. 在人类基因组计划中，还包括对五种生物基因组的研究：大肠杆菌、酵母、线虫、果蝇和小鼠，称之为人类的五种“模式生物”。 In the human genome project, also includes the study of five kinds of biological genome: escherichia coli, yeast, worms, fruit flies and mice, called five model of the human race. etc HGP的目的是解码生命、了解生命的起源、了解生命体生长发育的规律、认识种属之间和个体之间存在差异的起因、认识疾病产生的机制以及长寿与衰老等生命现象、为疾病的诊治提供科学依据 HGP decoding is the pu