magnetic-1.ppt

Arbitrary shaped wire I 均匀磁场中任意曲线导体，等于连结曲线始末端的直导线所受的安培力。 The M force of an arbitrary shaped wire in a perpendicular uniform M field does not depend on the shape of the wire. It only depends on the starting and the ending points of the wire. 在均匀磁场中，垂直于磁场方向的平面 内一段弯曲载流导线受到的总安培力大 小与导线弯曲形状无关，仅与这段导线 起点和终点位置有关。 3) Current loop in M field 磁场中的环形电流 I B A rectangular current loop in a uniform M field, which is parallel to the plane of the loop The M forces on sides ① and ③ are zero because these wires are parallel to the field. The magnitudes of M forces on sides ② and ④ equal a ② ① ③ ④ b But the direction of F2 is out of the paper, whereas the direction of F4 is into the paper. × The net M forces on the rectangular loop carrying a current is zero. The net M forces in a uniform M field on a loop of any shape carrying a current is zero. 任意形状的载流闭合线圈在均匀磁场中的受力为零。 I B ② ① ③ a ④ b × I B ② ① ③ a ④ b × Torque on a current loop in a uniform M field 均匀磁场中载流线圈的转矩 The current loop will rotate if we view from side ③even though the net M forces on it is zero. × ② ④ F2 F4 O The magnitude of the torque is A is the area of the loop. If the M field makes an angle of θto the plane，the net torque × ② ④ F2 F4 B )θ vector Magnitude: the area of the loop. Direction: right-hand rule. When the four fingers of the right hand are curled in the direction of the current, the thumb points the direction of I Magnetic dipole moment/magnetic moment 磁矩 Torque:转矩 moment:力矩 Moment arm:力臂 Definition: Magnetic moment μ: The torque can be expressed as: For any arbitrarily shaped closed current loop in a uniform M field, the net M force exerted on the loop is zero, the loop will not translate. But the loop is experienced a torque of . The closed loop will rotate under the torque.任意形状的闭合载流导线在均匀磁场中，所受的磁场合力为零，线圈不会平动。但会受到一个转矩的作用，闭合线圈会发生转动。 The effect of the torque is to make the magnetic moment turn to the direction of M field.力矩的作用效果，总是使磁矩转向外磁场方向