双语力学问答.docVIP

1、国际单位制中的基本单位是哪些？ 答：ｍ（米） ㎏（千克） ｓ（秒） Ａ（安培） Ｋ（开尔文） mol(摩尔) cd（坎德拉） 2、质点作上斜抛运动时，在何处的速率最大，在何处速率最小？ 答：在抛出时速率最大，在最高处速率最小。 3、地球上各不同纬度处因地球自转而具有的角速度的大小是否相同？线速度的大小是否相同？ 答：角速度为：,则与半径无关，所以在不同维度处地球自转而具有的角速度的大小相同。线速度： ，随纬度的不同，r 也不同，故随纬度的升高，线速度越小。 4、力的功是否与参考系有关？对作用力与反作用力所做功的代数和是否和参考系有关？ 答：二者与参考系皆无关。力所做的功与路径无关，故力的功与参考系无关；一对作用力与反作用力无论取什么参考系，它们的距离保持不变，而做功又与路径无关，故一对作用力与反作用力所做功的代数和与参考系无关。 5、What is three law of conversation ? Solution:1、Applications of conversation of momentum. 2、Applications of the law of angular momentum. 3、Conservation of energy. 6、How do the physicists find the netron ? Solution: The physicists of conservation of momentum was responsible for leading to the discovery of the neutron in 1932 by Chadwick .He found that in collisions between alpha particles and element beryllium, the principle only hold if it was assumed that a particle was produced which had about the same mass as the proton but no electric charge. It was named the neutron. 7、what is Newton’s first law of motion ? Solution: If a body is at rest ,it remains at rest or if it is in motion , it moves with uniform velocity until it is acted on by a recusant force. 8、What is the law of Conservation of angular momentum ? Solution: If no external torques act on the system ,equation becomes =0, or = a constant. 9、What is the four assumptions that we make about our ideal fluid ？ Solution: They all are concerned with flow ,1、steady flow ; 2、Incompressible flow; 3、Newton’s flow; 4、Irrotational flow. 10、What is Newton’s laws of motion ? Solution: First law : If a body is at rest it remains at rest or if it is in motion it moves with uniform velocity until it is acted on by a resultant force. Second law :. Third law: If body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts an equal but opposite force on body A. 11、一个刚体的转速增加，其转动惯量是否变大？ 答：转动惯量是物体的本质属性与转速无关。 一个告诉转动的刚体为什么很难改变它的转轴方向？ 答：因为它的转动角动量很大，故很难改变。 一平抛出去的转动刚体其质心为什么是一条抛物线？ 答：刚体在运动的过程中，转动和平动可看作相互独立的。 一对平衡力和一对作用力与反作用力的区别？ 答：一对平衡力是作用在一个物体上，而一