材料概论 双语 第三章ppt.ppt

Emissivity is an important property ,particularly in high-temperature ceramics. Emissivity 3.4 properties of ceramics (1) Mechanical properties (2) Physical properties (3) Chemical properties Fabricability properties Other properties Designing ceramics 3.4.1 Mechanical properies the tensile strength:much less than metals but better than plastics no jield strength:ceramics do not plastically deform until they reach their tensile strength no permannent elongation or reduction in area 4 compressive strength:better than metals and plastics 5 hardness: highest in the engineering materials 6 the long-term service characteristics 7 special mechanical properties 8 the greatest weakness: brittleness 3.4.2 Physical properties 1 density: lightweight compared to metals 2 the highest melting points of all engineering materials 3 the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity cover a large spectrum 3.4.3 Chemical properties 1 very resistant to chemical attack of engineering cermical 2 a drawing on ceramic part would probably state something 3.4.4 Fabricability properties 1 can not be melted and cast to shapes 2 some problems in casting ceramics: high temperature of the melting point arc process or something like an electron 3 high expense of machining ceremics 4 expensive processing to bring ceramic to a usable shape 3.4.5 Other properties 1 wear resistance 1) ceramics are likely candidates to help reduce this exorbitant expenditure of energy and funds 2) with wear tests to rank ceramics’ wear resistance 2 thermal shock resistance there is lots of factors in the selection of materials for good resistance to thermal shock 3.4.6 Designing ceramics three general design model: the empirical the deterministic the probabilistic Application of Ceramic Refravtories Use in the Construction Industry Electrical applic