G17 HALOGEN.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * GROUP 17 : Cl, Br ,I Prepared by : Lee Pett Choie Lee Sock Im Mak Shu Mun INTRODUCTION Group 17 elements are also known as halogens. The halogens or halogen elements are a series of non-metal elements from Group 17 of the periodic table, comprising fluorine (F?); chlorine (Cl?); bromine (Br?); iodine (I?); and astatine (At?). Exists as diatomic molecules. INTRODUCTION COLOUR INTENSITY OF Cl?, Br? and I? The colour intensity of the elements increases on going down the group. Halogens Colour of halogen Room temperature Gaseous state Water CCl? Chlorine Greenish-yellow gas Greenish-yellow Pale yellow-green Pale yellow-green Bromine Dark red liquid Reddish-brown Reddish-brown Reddish-brown Iodine Purple-black solid Purple Brownish-orange Violet VOLATILITY OF Cl?, Br? and I? The melting point and boilng point of chlorine, bromine and iodine increase on going down the group. Volatility of the halogens decreases on going down the Group 17. The higher the melting point or boiling point, the stronger the intermolecular forces of attraction. VOLATILITY OF Cl?, Br? and I? The halogens have simple molecular structures. Van der Waals forces of attraction between halogen molecule increase as the molecular size of the molecules increases. The melting and boiling points increase on going down the group. THE RELATIVE REACTIVITY OF THE ELEMENTS AS OXIDISING AGENTS An oxidising agent is an electron acceptor. All the halogens are oxidising agents because they accept electrons to form halide ions (X?). THE RELATIVE REACTIVITY OF THE ELEMENTS AS OXIDISING AGENTS Atomic radius of halogens increase in the order : The smaller the size of the molecule, the stronger the relative oxidising power of the halogens and, hence, the greater the ability of halogens to gain an electron. Oxidising power of halogens increase in the order : THE RELATIVE REACTIVITY OF THE ELEMENTS AS OXIDISING AGENTS Reactivity of halogens as oxidising agents can be shown by the follo