黄正凤最终稿.doc

微束变极性等离子弧焊接工艺 摘 要 焊接电流在30A以下的等离子弧焊接称为微束等离子弧焊接。由于微束等离子弧焊接电弧收缩能量集中，因此其适用于薄壁材料的焊接。而变极性等离子弧焊接的优点在于能够灵活地调节其特征工艺参数，如焊接电流、频率、正负极半波电流幅值及其导电时间比，以满足一些极易氧化而使焊件表面生成难以清除的氧化膜的基体金属如铝及铝合金的焊接。通过对微束等离子焊机的研究与对交流方波氩弧焊机的了解，我们提出了微束变极性等离子弧焊接又称微束交流方波等离子弧焊接工艺。通过理论提出了开发与微束变极性等离子焊接实现的可能性。本文主要介绍了等离子弧焊接的原理，交流氩弧焊机的原理及微束变极性等离子弧焊接的原理、微束变极性等离子弧焊接工艺的实现及其工作原理。本文指出了用微束等离子焊机与交流氩弧焊机并联以获得微束变极性等离子弧的可行性，并且通过焊接实验证实了这种可行性。通过对不锈钢管进行微束变极性等离子弧焊接试验实现了微束变极性等离子弧焊接，并通过对焊机的改造及对一些焊接参数进行调节得到了稳定的焊接电弧，持续稳定的焊接过程。最后对焊接工艺参数如焊接电流、等离子气流量、电极内缩量、频率、占空比等焊接工艺规范对焊接质量的影响做了初步的研究。 关键词：微束等离子弧焊接；方波交流氩弧焊；微束变极性等离子弧焊接 Abstract Welding current below 30A is known as Micro-beam Plasma Arc Welding. As the micro-beam plasma arc welding is known as the arc energy concentration contraction, so its application to welding thin-walled specimen. The advantage of VPPAW is that it has the flexibility to adjust its characteristics of process parameters, such as welding current, frequency, positive and negative half-wave current amplitude and conduction time in order to meet a number of highly oxidized surface of Weldments which are difficult to get rid of the oxide film such as aluminum and aluminum alloy specimen. We propose a micro-beam of variable polarity plasma arc welding, also known as the exchange of square micro-beam plasma arc welding process. It is driving from Micro-plasma Welding machine and argon arc welding machines .In theoretically, the development and micro-beam of variable polarity plasma is possible. This paper mainly introduces the principle of plasma arc welding, the principle of exchange argon arc welding machine and micro-beam of variable polarity plasma arc welding theory and giving the principle of the Micro-beam of Variable Polarity Plasma Arc Welding process and its working principle.This article points out that using of Micro-beam Plasma Arc Welding machine in parallel with the exchange argon arc welding machine for the Micro-beam of Variable Polarity Plasma arc Welding machine. Through the welding experiment, we