EAR(估计平均需要量).pptVIP

CHILDHOOD NUTRITION AND FEEDING DRIs EAR（估计平均需要量） RNI（推荐摄入量） AI（适宜摄入量） UL（可耐受最高摄入量） Nutrients Energy Protein Lipid Carbohydrate Vitamin Mineral Water Food fiber 1. Energy Basal metabolism (55-44-30-25 kcal/kg/d) Thermodynamic effect of food Physical activity Growth Excretion Others 1. Energy 2. Protein Essential amino acid Non-essential amino acid Recommend amount 3. Lipid Saturated fatty acid Unsaturated fatty Linoleic acid （亚油酸） → Linolenic acid（亚麻酸） → 4. Carbohydrate General Energy proportion Protein 8%~15% Lipid 25%~30% Carbohydrate 55%~65% 5. Vitamin 6. Mineral 7. Water 8. Food fiber Infant Feeding Breast feeding Albumin 白蛋白 ↑ Casein 酪蛋白 ↓ Taurine 牛磺酸 ↑ Glutamate 谷氨酸 ↑　　 Breast feeding Breast feeding Breast feeding Breast feeding Natural food Convenient feeding Recovering from delivery Baby-mother attachment Breast feeding Elements of breast milk in different phase colostrum: protein transitional milk: lipid mature milk: stable elements late milk: protein Formula Feeding Infant Feeding---Supplementary Food 2w VitD 4-6m Rice powder 7-9m meshed vegetable 、 meat 、 fruit 、 soft noodle 、 biscuit 10-12m soft rice 、thick porridge、 fine-cut vegetable 、meat、 bean products etc. 12-24m piece-cut food 24m- normal Feeding principles Reasonable food arrangement protein: fat: carbohydrate≌1：1：4-5 10% 25-30% 50-60% Food quality