Chapter 7 dc - dc Switch-Mode Converters.ppt

Chapter 7 DC-DC Switch-Mode Converters 7-* Chapter 7 DC-DC Switch-Mode Converters dc-dc converters for switch-mode dc power supplies and dc-motor drives Block Diagram of DC-DC Converters Functional block diagram Stepping Down a DC Voltage A simple approach that shows the evolution Pulse-Width Modulation in DC-DC Converters Role of PWM Step-Down DC-DC Converter Pulsating input to the low-pass filter Step-Down DC-DC Converter: Waveforms Steady state; inductor current flows continuously Step-Down DC-DC Converter: Waveforms at the boundary of Cont./Discont. Conduction Critical current below which inductor current becomes discontinuous Step-Down DC-DC Converter: Discontinuous Conduction Mode Steady state; inductor current discontinuous Step-Down DC-DC Converter: Limits of Cont./Discont. Conduction The duty-ratio of 0.5 has the highest value of the critical current Step-Down DC-DC Converter: Limits of Cont./Discont. Conduction Output voltage is kept constant Step-Down Conv.: Output Voltage Ripple ESR is assumed to be zero Step-Up DC-DC Converter Output voltage must be greater than the input Step-Up DC-DC Converter Waveforms Continuous current conduction mode Step-Up DC-DC Converter: Limits of Cont./Discont. Conduction The output voltage is held constant Step-Up DC-DC Converter: Discont. Conduction Occurs at light loads Step-Up DC-DC Converter: Limits of Cont./Discont. Conduction The output voltage is held constant Step-Up DC-DC Converter: Effect of Parasitics The duty-ratio is generally limited before the parasitic effects become significant Step-Up DC-DC Converter Output Ripple ESR is assumed to be zero Step-Down/Up DC-DC Converter The output voltage can be higher or lower than the input voltage Step-Up DC-DC Converter: Waveforms Continuation conduction mode Step-Up DC-DC Converter: Limits of Cont./Discont. Conduction The output voltage is held constant Step-Up DC-DC Converter: Discontinuous Conduction Mode This occurs at light loads Step-Up DC-DC