工程力学英文版课件01 Concurrent Forces.pptVIP

1 * * §2–1 Graphical Parallelogram Method §2–2 Graphical Triangular Method §2–3 Resultant of Three or More Concurrent Forces §2–4 Components of a Force Vector §2–5 Rectangular component method Resultant of Concurrent Forces in a Plane §2-1 Graphical Parallelogram Method Resultant of two concurrent forces Parallelogram Law Two forces whose lines of action intersect can be replaced by a single force which is the diagonal of a parallelogram that has sides equal to the two forces. §2-2 Graphical Triangular Method Based on parallelogram method Resultant of two concurrent forces From the law of cosines From the law of sines §2-3 Resultant of Three or More Concurrent Forces If several coplanar forces F1, F2, …, Fn act at a single point A, they can always be reduced to a resultant force R, which also acts through point A. This resultant force can be found graphically by successive applications of the parallelogram law. This resultant force can also be found graphically as the closing side of the polygon of forces constructed as shown in the figure. Thus, the resultant R of any system of concurrent coplanar forces is obtained as the geometric sum of the free vectors representing the given forces. This resultant force can be found by adding the forces tail-to-tip. F1 F2 F3 F4 o F2 F1 F4 F3 R o F1 F2 R1 o F3 R1 R2 o R2 F4 R o F2 F1 F4 F3 R o X=Fx=F·cosa Y=Fy=F·sina=F ·cos β cosα=Fx/F sina= cosβ =Fy/F §2-4 Components of a Force Vector Any force F can be replaced by any number of forces whose resultant is F. These replacement forces are called components of the force F. Two components at right angles to each other are the most useful. The resultant in x direction Rx and the resultant in y direction Ry are： §2-5 Rectangular Components Method The magnitude of the resultant: ∴ The direction of the resultant: