CMS Lecture 8 - Standard Costing 1.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Cost Management SystemsLecture 8 Flexible Budgets弹性预算and Standard Costing标准成本1 Cost Management Systems 22321 University of Technology, Sydney Cost Management Systems 22321 University of Technology, Sydney Lecture Outline Introduction Budgets and the Control Cycle Budgets and Performance Measurement业绩计量 Measures of costs Static Budgets 不变化预算 Flexible Budgets 弹性预算 Variances差异 for Direct Costs Direct Materials Variance Direct Labour Variance Uses of Variance Analysis 偏差分析的使用 Lecture Demonstration Problem Supplement: Journal Entries Cost Management Systems 22321 University of Technology, Sydney Introduction Managers quantify确定…的数量plans in the form形式 of budgets. Feedback反馈信息enables 使能够 managers to compare actual results with the planned performance as expressed表达 in the budget. This process, called variance analysis, helps managers gain an insight into洞察why the actual results differ from the planned performance. Budgets are developed using standards标准. A standard is a carefully predetermined预算amount of resource required for the production and supply of one unit of output. Standards can be developed for any cost or resource (e.g. DM, DL, Overheads etc). Standards can be developed using the methods of cost estimation outlined in Lecture 2. Standards provide the building blocks for the budgeting system. Whereas但是the standard is the budgeted cost of a single unit, a budget is an overall plan总体规划. Cost Management Systems 22321 University of Technology, Sydney Budgets and the Control Cycle Budgets can be used for a number of purposes in the planning and control cycle (refer back to Lecture 1!) Planning Communication and coordination 协调 Resource allocation Controlling operations and costs Performance evaluation and compensation业绩评估和补偿 Monitoring监测 Planning Evaluation Coordination Monitoring Strategy Cost Management Systems 22321 University of Technology, Sydney Budgets and Performance Measurement Budgets can also