自然地理学课件Dlx03atomospherepress资料.ppt

Conception The air in the atmosphere is constantly pressing on the solid or liquid surface beneath it. This pressure is exerted in all directions. Conception Atmospheric pressure exists because air has mass is constantly being pulled toward the earth by the force of gravity. Conception At higher elevations, the atmospheric pressure is lower because there is less air. Barometric Pressure Barometric pressure is the weight force of the air pushing on a unit of surface area of the ground Less air means less mass and less weight pushing down the surface. Atmospheric pressure has been measured measured methods Using liquid in glass barometers the traditional measurement means are still the most accurate mercury barometers are the standard where very accurate pressure measurements are required A simple diagram of a mercury barometer. Atmospheric pressure pushes the mercury upward into the tube balancing the pressure exerted by the weight of the mercury column. As atmospheric pressure changes, the level of mercury in the tube changes. At sea level, the average height of the mercury level is about 76 cm 气压单位： 水银柱高度 mm 帕斯卡 Pa 1 Pa 1 N/m2 百帕斯卡 hPa hPa 0.01Pa 毫巴 mb 1 mb 1 hPa Significant Values Standard sea level pressure is 1013 mb 960 mb is typical for extremely stormy conditions 1050 mb is typical for strong high pressure systems How to Measure Barometric Pressure The GLOBE protocol 协议 uses a standard aneroid 无液气压计 barometer or an altimeter mounted on a wall in the classroom Aneroid 无液气压计 barometer: which contains an expandable air chamber that changes size as air pressure changes. A needle attached to the air chamber moves across a scale as air pressure changes 它的原理? Why Measure Barometric Pressure? Pressure observations tell us the mass of the atmosphere between us and the sun How to Measure Barometric Pressure Barometric pressure should be measured daily within one hour of local solar noon?or at about the same time as the