多枝柽柳的花部综合特征与繁育系统分析.docVIP

石河子大学 学 士 学 位 论 文 多枝柽柳的花部综合特征与繁育系统 学生姓名 Xxx 学号 2009123673 专业 林 学 年级、班级 Xxx 指 导 教 师 X 所在学院 农学院 中国·新疆·石河子 2014年6月 多枝柽柳的花部综合特征与繁育系统 摘要：通过野外观察，运用花粉-胚珠比、花粉活力、柱头可授性、人工授粉、风媒传粉和套袋实验等方法，对多枝柽柳（Tamarix ramosissima）自然种群的花部综合特征及繁育系统进行了研究。结果表明：多枝柽柳种群花期30~ 45 d；单花花期12 d，单花花期依其形态和散粉时间可分为散粉前期、散粉初期、散粉盛期和凋谢期；多枝柽柳的花粉活力在刚散粉时处于最强的状态，达到 90.88%，24 h 后活力迅速下降，72 h 后花粉活力下降为6.2%；多枝柽柳在花药未散粉前柱头就具有较强的可授性，在花药刚散粉时可授性最强，花粉高活力期与柱头强可授期有812 h 的重叠，为雌先熟；该物种存在无融合生殖，具有较强的异株异花传粉倾向，综合杂交指数、花粉-胚珠比及套袋实验判断该物种的繁育系统是自花传粉和异花传粉并存类型，且以自花传粉为主，属于混合交配系统。 关键词：多枝柽柳；花部特征；花粉活力；套袋实验；风媒传粉 Floral Syndrome and Breeding System of Tamarix ramosissima Abstract: Through field observations, the ratio of pollen-ovule, pollen viability, stigma receptivity, artificial pollination, wind pollination and bagging experimental methods of natural populations of T. ramosissima floral integrated features and breeding system were studied. The results show: T. ramosissima population flowering 30~ 45 d; Single flower 1~ 2 d, single flower shedding time according to their shape and can be divided into loose early, early shedding, shedding peak and fade period; T. ramosissima pollen viability in just loose in the strongest state, reaching 90.88%, activity declined rapidly after 24 h, pollen viability decreased to 6.2% after 72 h; T. ramosissima not loose in the anthers before the stigma that can be granted on a strong sex, in anther just shedding may be granted when the strongest, pollen and stigma of high activity may be granted on a strong overlap 8~ 12 h for the first ripe female; The existence of apomictic species, different strains of a strong tendency to cross-pollination, Integrated hybrid index, pollen/ovule ratio and bagging experiments to determine the species breeding system is self-pollination and cross-pollination types coexist, and self-pollinated, are mixed mating system. Key words：T. Ramosissima;floral characteristics; pollen viability;b