情态动词语法讲义教师版.docVIP

高三英语情态动词虚拟语气语法讲义 I.情态动词 基本含义 特殊含义 can 表一般的能力 Mary can swim. 表示许可或请求允许 向对方请求许可 Can/Could/ May/Might I …… 肯定回答Yes, you can/may 否定回答 No, you can’t /may not/ mustn’t/ you’d better not 3.can 用于肯定句表示理论上的可能性， 译为“有时，常常，往往会”Even experts can make mistakes. 4. 用于固定句型 cannot/couldn’t （help/choose） but do 只好，不得不 can’’t help doing sth cannot/ couldn’t (can/could never) + 形容词副词比较级 表示肯定，最高级的概念 cannot (never)…… enough/ too much 无论怎样也不为过，越…越好.could用于虚拟语气 could have done 本能够做实际上没做到 表可He might be at home. ? 他可能在家请求对方许可 May/Might I……?3.may/might well do 完全有理由 may/might as well do 最好，不如 Our holidays were ruined by the weather ; we might just as well have stayed at home. 08全国）Liza may well not want to go on the trip—she hates travelling. 4 .表祝愿 May you be happy! 5. 表示虚拟语气 might have done 本可以做实际没做 mightn’t have done _______ 6. 表推测表必须，必要 （mustn’t________） Must I …? 肯定否定’t/ you don’t have to. 2. 表偏偏，偏要，指发生与说话人的愿望相反或令人不愉快的事情或表示一定要 Naturally, after I told her what to do ,my daughter must go and do the opposi. 表示肯定推测 表示劝告，建议，命令（ought to ） --Turn off the TV, Jack , shouldn’t you be doing your homework now? --Mun,just ten more minutes. 表示应该做且有一种道义上的责任 --You ought to have given them some advice. --So ____________________(确实如此)，but I was too busy? 表示明显的结果或合理的推断，且与所期待的事几乎是事实。 -- When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -- They _____ be ready by 12.pm. 4.用于I’m surprised that….., You can’t imagine…… , It’s strang 等句型后表示惊讶，惋惜，忧虑 You can’t imagine that a top student should have failed in the college entrance examination. 5.用于虚拟语should/ought to have done 本不应该做但实际上做了 shall 用于第一，三人称表示征求对方意见 Shall I/we…… Shall he /they… 用于第二，三人称表示说话人对对方的命令，许诺或威胁,命令 If you take good care of my camera, you shall keep it with you during your holiday. 用于各种人称表示立法，规章，法令，预言等 Being examined twice a year is the rule that every driver shall obey in this city. No student ______ go out of the school campus after 10:00 at night without permission. 表将来时，可表示说话人临时做出的决定 --Did yo