HowlowextracellularMgaffectsculturedhumanendothelial.pptVIP

How low extracellular Mg affects cultured human endothelial cells: implications in the early phases of atherogenesis In vitro studies on endothelial cells have demonstrated that low Mg promotes the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory pro-atherogenic phenotype... Jeanette?A.?M. Maier Clin. Sci. 2012;122:397-407 ?2012 by Portland Press Ltd How low extracellular Mg affects cultured human endothelial cells: implications in the early phases of atherogenesis In vitro studies on endothelial cells have demonstrated that low Mg promotes the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory pro-atherogenic phenotype in endothelial cells. Culture in low Mg leads to the production of free radicals which: i induce the expression of hsps involved in protecting the cells from death; ii increase endothelial permeability, an event which facilitates LDL accumulation in the subendothelial space; and iii activate NF-κB, thus up-regulating adhesion molecules, cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. In addition, the increased activity of the proteasome might contribute to the activation of NF-κB. The up-regulation of IL-1α has a role in inducing endothelial senescence.