u1--grammar.pptVIP

句子成分 主语： 宾语： 表语： 定语： 状语： 补语： 句子所说的人、物或事。“谁”“什么” 谓语： 主语”干”或“是”什么 主语干“什么” 主语是“什么”或“怎么样” 限定某一个名词或代词的结构 表示地点、时间、方式、程度、比较、让步等的结构 补充说明宾语或主语的动作或状态 Part 1 To-infinitive 不定式的形式 主动 被动 一般式 进行式 完成式 否定式 以动词buy为例完成下列表格 to buy to be bought to be buying / to have bought to have been bought not to buy not to be bought 动词原形 不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式 ①不定式的进行式：to be + V-ing, 用来表示谓语动词动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。 Some students pretended to be reading English when the teacher came in. ②不定式完成式用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。 2005年江苏卷No.25 --- Is Bob still performing? --- I’m afraid not. He is said _______ the stage already as he has become an official. A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been D. to be left 2006年四川卷No.26 The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _____ in Beijing in 2008. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示 的动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动语态。 The question is difficult to answer. =The question is difficult for me to answer. =It is difficult for me to answer the question. He is hard to get along with. =It is hard to get along with him. 不定式的功能： 在句子中充当： 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 1.to do as a subject To take roller coaster is terrible . It’s terrible to take roller coaster. How long did it take you to take roller coaster? How terrible it is to take roller coaster! a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式 b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame…) + 不定式 c) It takes / needs / requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式 It requires patience to be a good teacher. It’s my duty to teach you how to be a good English learner. 2.to do as a predictive Our most important task now is to make a plan. 当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。 注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。 Now the only thing we can do is (to) wait. 3.to do as an object The cat said “Re