中北大学研究生英语期末考试1.docVIP

翻译 1 科学 科学是一门知识，是解决工业、农业、战争和医疗方面技术问题的非常有用的工具。要了解科学在解决个人和国家面临的物质和精神方面可以达到什么广度和深度，就必须了解科学的真正含义是什么。 Science is a kind of knowledge which is a very useful tool in solving the technical problems of industry, agriculture, warfare and medicine. To understand the width and depth to which science can be applied to the material and spiritual problems that confront individuals and nations requires and understanding of what science really is. 科学一词来自拉丁语Scire,它的意思是“知道”。所以，从广义上讲，科学不过是指我们所知道的事情，是人类知识的总和。但是，把科学定义为人类的全部知识是不切实际的，因为很明显，有各种不同门类的知识。这些知识根据其获得的方法以及它所适合的经验范围而有所不同。我们要了解的艺术、文学、法律、宗教和专门技术知识等都不同程度的分 属于各种独立的知识财富，与我们通常所说的科学没有什么联系。 The word science comes to us from a latin word, scire, which means “to know”. Then, in a broad sense, science is simply what we know; the total of all human knowledge. But the definition of science as all human knowledge would not be a workable one, for it is obvious that there are different types of knowledge. The kinds differ according to how the knowledge was obtained, and also according to what frame of experience it fits. What we know of the arts, literature, law, religion, and technical know are more or less separate funds of information. They have little to do with what we commonly call science. 科学也称为自然科学，以区别于其他知识门类。科学和自然界有关，也就是说和自然界中一切存在的事物和发生的现象的特点和过程有关。科学包括整个自然界，它精辟的阐述了人类关于各种自然现象是如何彼此联系并如何构成我们所说的宇宙的种种概念 Science is also called natural science to distinguish it form other branches of learning. Science is concerned with nature, that is, with knowledge of the characteristics and operations of any all natural things and happenings. Science embraces all of nature, and expresses precisely about how natural phenomena are related to each other and are to be formed into what is called the universe. 科学有许多特性，要了解科学是什么，就得仔细的考察一下这些性能和特点。有一些作者断言说科学实际上只是一种方法――科学的方法。这样的定义是过于简单化了。但是科学方法在决定科学知识的性质方面肯定起着重要的作用。 Science has many characteristics, and to understand what science is requires a detailed examination of these properties and peculiarities. A number of write