第一节分句合句法.doc

第一节 分句、合句法 翻译英语句子时，有时我们可把原文的句子结构整个保存下来或只稍加改变即可，但在不少情况下则必须将原来的句子结构作较大的改变。分句法和合句法是改变原文句子结构的两种重要方法。所谓分句法是指把原文的一个简单句译成两个或两个以上的句子。所谓合句法是指把原文两个或两个以上的简单句或一个复合句在译文中用一个单句来表达。现分别举例说明之： 分句法 （一）把原文中的一个单词译成句子，使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。 1．副词 1）The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their economic achievements. 中国人似乎为他们在经济上取得的成就而自豪，这是合乎情理的。 2）Incidentally, I hope to get better medical treatment in these countries than I can possibly get here in the United States. 顺便提一下,我希望能在这些国家得到比我在美国这里所能得到的更好的治疗。 3）They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all. 他们根本没有答复，这是不足为奇的。 2．形容词 1）Chairman Mao might have spoken with understandable pride of his policy of “self-reliance”. 毛主席在谈到他的“自力更生”的政策时，也许有些自豪感，这是可以理解的。 2）That region was the most identifiable trouble spot. 那地区是个麻烦的地方，这是大家最容易看得出来的。 3）He had long been held in cordial contempt by his peers; now that contempt was no longer Cordial 长期以来，他的同僚虽然看不起他，却还是对他有些亲切感；现在，除看不起之外，亲切感也没有了。 3．名词 1） A movie of me leaving that foxhole would look like a shell leaving a rifle. 我离开那个单人掩体速度之快，要是拍成电影的话，会象出膛的子弹一样。 2） As a place to live, it left much to be desired. As a secret training base for a revolutionary new plane, it was an excellent site, its remoteness effectively masking its activity… 作为居住的地方，这里有许多不足之处。但作为完全新型飞机的秘密训练基地却是非常理想的。它地处边陲，人们不易了解其中的活动…… 3）He shook his head and his eyes were wide, then narrowed in indignation They were at home in the home of the people, moving confidently without fear. 他们在群众家里感到自在，行动时心里踏实，无忧无虑。 2）She sat with her hands cupping her chin, staring at a corner of the little kitchen. 她坐在那儿双手托着下巴，眼睛凝视着小厨房的一角。 3）Sunrays filtered in wherever they could，driving out darkness and choking the shadows. 阳光射入了它所能透过的所有地方，赶走了黑暗，驱散了幽影。 2. 名词短语 1）I wrote four books in the first three years, a record never touched before 我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。 2）The military is forbidden to ‘kill’ the vessel, a relatively easy task. 政府 禁止军方“击毁”这艘潜艇，虽然要击毁该艇并不怎么费事。 The station chief would have to be close to the director, a member of the inner circle. 这位站长就得接近董事，因为董事是核心集团