玉米粉质胚乳突变体答题.pptVIP

玉米粉质胚乳突变体的研究 宋任涛 上海大学 玉米籽粒关键发育时期 蛋白体（PB）由内质网（ER）形成 醇溶蛋白有序地包装在蛋白体中 玉米粉质胚乳突变体 是早年重要的遗传突变体 First report by Singleton WR and Jones DF in the early of last century, including opaque endosperm1 and opaque endosperm2. Emerson RA, Beadle GW and Fraser AC(1935) A summary of linkage studies in maize. Cornell Univ Agric Exp Stn Memoir 180:1-83, described 40 classic genetic loci. 粉质胚乳突变体与高赖氨酸玉米 Mertz, ET et al. (1964) Mutant gene that changes protein composition and increases lysine content of maize endosperm. Science 145:279-280 (o2). Nelson, OE Jr et al. (1965) Second mutant gene affecting the amino acid pattern of maize endosperm proteins. Science 150:1469-1470 (floury2 (fl2), o1 and o2). Misra, PS et al. (1972) Endosperm protein synthesis in maize mutants with increased lysine content. Science 176:1425-1426 (bt2, fl2, o2 and o7). 玉米已知的粉质胚乳突变体 opaque7 和opaque6 opaque7 (o7) 突变体 著名的高赖氨酸突变体 McWhirter, KS (1971) A floury endosperm, high lysine locus on chromosome 10. MNL 45:184 Misra, PS et al. (1972) Endosperm protein synthesis in maize mutants with increased lysine content. Science 176:1425-1426 Burr, FA and Burr, B (1982) Three mutations in Zea mays affecting zein accumulation: a comparison of zein polypeptides, in vitro synthesis and processing, mRNA levels, and genomic organization. J Cell Biol 94:201-206 (o2, fl2, o7) 突变体种子蛋白普遍下降 透射电镜（TEM）分析 蛋白体的统计分析 O7 编码酰基活化酶3（AAE3）基因 O7 是 Oxalyl-CoA Synthetase O7 蛋白分布在细胞质中 O7突变影响氨基酸生物合成主要路径 O7突变在水稻中同样有效 opauqe6(proline1)突变体 淀粉粒和蛋白体显著变小 O6突变表型的形成机制 粉质胚乳突变体与储藏蛋白调控 致 谢 Thank You! O6基因的图位克隆 7个等位突变体确认基因 O6编码 P5CS2 △1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase Szabados and Savouré. (2009) Trands in Plant science 负责胞质中的脯氨酸合成 x O6主要分布在细胞质中 The subcellular localization of O6 protein Onion Cells Tobacco Cells O6具有P5CS 酶活 The enzyme activity analysis of recombinant O6 protein O6突变影响脯氨酸生物合成 The free and total proline content of wt and mutant kernel 脯氨酸缺乏不影响储藏蛋白转录水平 The expression analysis of zeins in wt and mutant endosperm 但储藏蛋白翻译水平严