基于微控制器的客车火灾报警系统.docVIP

基于微控制器的客车火灾报警系统 　　摘 要： 在此介绍一种以微控制器Spce061A为核心的公交车火灾报警系统。该系统采用灵敏度，高可靠性好的烃类气体浓度传感器来探测可燃气体。采用浓烟传感器和火焰传感器的组合来探测火灾信号。可燃气体浓度传感器的数据通过微控制器以无线传输的方式送到控制中心由驾驶员观察分析，可以排除其他原因引起的虚警。当烟雾和火焰传感器发现火灾信号以后迅速发出报警信号，同时启动破窗器打破车窗玻璃疏散乘客，启动灭火器扑灭火焰。该系统功能完善，反应速度快，可以快速识别汽油等可燃气体，迅速扑灭可燃油气体引发的火灾，漏警与误警率低。其硬件成本低，工作可靠性好，器件寿命长。系统维护维修方便， 升级扩展简单。能够满足当前我国城市公交系统迫切的安全要求。 　　关键词： Spce061A; 气体浓度传感器; 浓烟传感器; 火灾探测 　　中图分类号： TN919?34; TP36 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1004?373X（2015）06?0074?04 　　Bus?mounted fire alarm system based on MCU 　　LI Hua?yang 　　（Nanyang Normal University， Nanyang 473061， China） 　　Abstract： A bus?mounted fire alarm system taking MCU Spce061A as its core is introduced in this article. The hydrocarbon gas concentration sensor with high sensitivity and high reliability is adopted in the system to detect combustible gas. The combination of smoke sensor and flame sensor is used to detect fire signal. The data from hydrocarbon gas concentration sensor is sent to the control center in wireless transmission mode through MCU for observation and analysis of driver， which can avoid the false alarm caused by other factors. The system give out the alarm signal when the fire signal is detected by smoke sensor and flame sensor. At the same time， the window broker is started to break the window glasses and guide the passengers to get away from the bus， and the fire extinguisher is started up. The system has perfect function and fast reaction speed， can recognize fuel gas and put out the fire caused by gas. It has low false alarm rate and missing alarm， low hardware cost， high working reliability and long lifetime. The system’s maintenance and repair is convenient， and its expansion and upgrade are simple. The design can meet the urgent safety requirements of urban public transport system. 　　Keywords： Spce061A; gas concentration sensor; smoke sensor; fire detection 　　0 引 言 　　近年来，我国多次发生城市公交客车上人为纵火或者乘客携带的违禁易燃品燃烧引发的重大人员伤亡事件。由于我国城市交通中公交客车担负着繁重的客运任务，人员十分拥挤，加上没有随车配置车内自动化运行的危险品探测报警与灭火系统，发生火灾时常常导致极其严重的人员伤亡