Z5-碘泡科动物的系统分类学研究-YCZ5.2014.1.7.docVIP

碘泡科 粘体门:粘孢子纲:双壳目 动物的系统分类学研究 张 婧#，杨承忠#，赵元莙* 重庆师范大学生命科学学院重庆市动物生物学重点实验室，重庆401331在属和种阶元的归属问题上一直备受争议。以期为该科动物的系统分类和鱼类粘孢子虫病的防治提供基础资料。Systematics of Myxobolidae Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida ZHANG Jing, YANG Chengzhong, ZHAO Yuanjun Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China Abstract: Myxosporean is the metazoan parasite which parasite on a wide range of host, mainly on fishes. It can cause serious disease on fish and induce great economic loss in fishery. Hence, many people pay close attention to it. However, its fundamental research is not sufficient, especially its taxonomy. Myxobolidae is the largest family of myxosporean, whose taxonomy has been controversial on the level of genera and species. The classification merely based on morphological characteristics is not accurate enough to represent its real phylogeny or evolution. Thanks to the application of advanced microscopy, molecular biology, immunology, the taxonomy research on myxosporean has achieved great progress. In the present study, systematic researches on Myxobolidae is summarized including the classification of Myxobolidae and the current methods for its taxonomy. Some controversial and vague issues of genera and species were solved in the paper.. The study will provide basic information for further study on the systematics of this animal group as well as for the prevention of myxosporidiasis. Key words: myxosporean; Myxobolidae; systematics; methodology 粘孢子虫Myxosporidia 是一类种类繁多分布广泛的后生动物寄生虫，其主要寄主为鱼类 Kent et al.2001；Canning Okamura，2003；Lom Dyková，2006 。也有少数寄生于环节动物、昆虫、两栖动物、爬行动物和哺乳动物 赵元莙宋微波2003；Canning et al.，2004；索栋2010 。粘孢子虫可寄生于鱼体几乎所有部位：寄生在鱼体表和鳍条上，可形成许多灰白色点状或瘤状囊；寄生在鱼鳃上，也可形成囊，致鳃组织受损，呼吸困难；寄生在肠道，形成大量的囊，破坏肠粘膜组织，肠壁糜烂成白色；寄生在神经系统和感觉器官上，可形成白色囊，病鱼尾部上翘，狂游乱窜。鱼类粘孢子虫病是鱼类养殖生产中危害较大的一类疾病，爆发时，会造成大面积的养殖鱼类死亡，给渔业带来，从而引起了人们的广泛关注。 自1825年Jurine莱芒湖白鲑Coregonus fera 的肌肉中发现粘孢子虫以来，粘孢子虫相关的研究已190年的历史，其中。迄今，全世界记述的粘孢子虫约62属2200多种 Lom Dyková2006；李媛2