黔中喀斯特山地同孤岛生境的群落组成及物种多样性研究(2011-05-23).docVIP

黔中喀斯特山地不同孤岛生境的群落组成及物种多样性研究 胡方彩1，罗庆莲2，孙云3 （1.贵州省黔中水利枢纽工程建设管理局，贵州贵阳550002；2.贵州省林业种苗站，贵州贵阳550001， 3. 花溪区林业绿化局，贵州贵阳550025） 摘要：为了解黔中喀斯特山地孤岛生境植被演替过程中物种组成及物种多样性，采用以空间序列代替时间序列的研究方法对不同类型孤岛进行样方调查，对群落物种组成及物种多样性进行了分析。结果表明：喀斯特山地孤岛生境植被演替过程中，随着演替的进展，群落高度逐渐增大，阴性植物逐渐迁入，每个阶段木本植物都有不同的优势种。草本层的物种丰富度在灌草丛阶段最大，然后逐渐减小；灌木层物种丰富度在灌木林阶段最大。草本层的多样性指数逐渐递减，均匀度指数在灌木林阶段最大；灌木层的多样性指数在灌草丛阶段最小，其次是乔木林阶段，在灌木林阶段最高,均匀度指数在灌草丛最高；灌木层的生态优势度在乔木林最大，乔木林中乔木层的优势度约为灌木层的3倍。 关键词：黔中； 喀斯特； 孤岛生境； 群落组成； 物种多样性 Community Composition and Species Diversity of Different Island Habitat of Karst Mountainous in Central Guizhou HU Fang-cai1, LUO Qing-lian2，SUN Yun3 1. Hydro Engineering Construction Authority of Central of Guizhou, Guizhou Guiyang 550002; 2. Guizhou Forestry Seed Station, Guizhou Guiyang 550001 3. Guizhou Huaxi District Forest Green Office, Guizhou Guiyang 550025 Abstract: The most of Karst mountains, central Guizhou, is surrounded by farmland, belong to the fragmented and discontinuous habitat. In order to understand community species composition and diversity of different island habitats of Karst mountainous in central Guizhou, A quadrat survey substitute a space series method for a time course method，was conducted in different island habitats in Huaxi of Guiyang and Anshun,Guizhou province. Community species composition and diversity were analysed. The results indicated that the height of community increase gradually, heliophilous plant was gradually replaced by shade-tolerance plants in vegetation successional processes of Karst. And there are different dominant species of woody plants in every successional stage. Species richness of herb layer in shrub-grassland is the largest, then it gradually reduced; species richness of shrub layer in shrub is the largest. Simpson’s diversity index and shannon-Wiener index of herb layer were gradually decreasing, evenness index of herb layer in shrub is the largest; Simpson’s diversity index, shannon-Wiener index of shrub layer in shrub-grassland is the lowest, arbor fores